Acquired Nasal Hyperresponsiveness Aggravates Antigen-Induced Rhinitis in the Guinea Pig

Abstract

Abstract. Whether a state of nasal hyperresponsiveness influences antigen-induced biphasic nasal blockage and sneezing were examined using a guinea pig model of allergic rhinitis. Sensitized animals were challenged with an antigen, Japanese cedar pollen, once every week. Before the 13th challenge, the animals were randomly divided into 2 groups, and then the 13th challenge was performed (Groups A-0 and B-0). The 14th challenge was done on day 2 (Group A-2) and on day 7 (Group B-7) after the 13th challenge, on which nasal hyperresponsiveness was present and absent, respectively. Biphasic nasal blockage and sneezing after the challenge in Group A-2 were more severe than those in Group A-0, while those of Group B-7 were almost the same as those of Group B-0. An anti-histaminic, mepyramine, inhibited sneezing but not the biphasic nasal blockage in Group B-7. A cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT) antagonist, pranlukast, suppressed the late nasal blockage but not the early blockage and sneezing in Group B-7. In contrast, in Group A-2, mepyramine significantly attenuated not only sneezing but also the early nasal blockage. Pranlukast significantly inhibited both nasal blockage and sneezing in Group A-2. In conclusion, nasal hyperresponsiveness aggravated the antigen-induced nasal responses, to which histamine and CysLTs considerably contributed.

Prophylactic Effects of the Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist Epinastine and the Dual Thromboxane A2 Receptor and Chemoattractant Receptor-Homologous Molecule Expressed on Th2 Cells Antagonist Ramatroban on Allergic Rhinitis Model in Mice

“…25,26) Moreover, nasal hyperresponsiveness to histamine gradually developed in response to pollen inhalation in clinical observation 27) and in an animal model. 28) Our results showed that repeated administration of epinastine and ramatroban significantly inhibited the increase of histamine hypersensitivity in the model of allergic rhinitis. The prophylactic effects of epinastine on seasonal allergic rhinitis in human were investigated, and the results of the present study corresponded with those of these clinical studies.…”

Prostaglandin D2 Modulates Neuronal Excitation of the Trigeminal Ganglion to Augment Allergic Rhinitis in Guinea Pigs

“…The numbers of sneezing and nasal rubbing events were counted for 20 minutes following nasal challenge. Sneezing was characterized by an explosive expiration after deep inspiration (Mizutani et al, 2003), and nasal rubbing was characterized by nasal scratching with forelimbs. As a control, 10% ethanol was instilled.…”

Apafant, a Potent Platelet-Activating Factor Antagonist, Blocks Eosinophil Activation and Is Effective in the Chronic Phase of Experimental Allergic Conjunctivitis in Guinea Pigs

“…Ovalbumin was obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Al(OH) 3 gels were prepared with 0.5 N NaOH and 0.5 N Al 3 (SO 4 ) 3 as preciously described (12), which were a modification of the method of Levine and Vaz (13).…”