Correlation between Fatty Liver and Coronary Risk Factors: A Population Study of Elderly Men and Women in Nagasaki, Japan.

Akahoshi, Masazumi; Amasaki, Yasuko; Soda, Midori; Tominaga, Tan; Ichimaru, Shinichiro; Nakashima, Eiji; Seto, Shinji; Yano, Katsusuke

doi:10.1291/hypres.24.337

Cited by 74 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…12,30 Obesity (from excess nutrition intake) leads to visceral fat accumulation. Visceral fat has high metabolic activity and releases free fatty acids and adipokines such as leptin, tumor necrosis factor-a, and adiponectin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatty liver incidence and predictive variables

et al. 2010

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Although fatty liver predicts ischemic heart disease, the incidence and predictors of fatty liver need examination. The objective of this study was to determine fatty liver incidence and predictive variables. Using abdominal ultrasonography, we followed biennially through 2007 (mean follow-up, 11.6±4.6 years) 1635 Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors (606 men) without fatty liver at baseline (November 1990 through October 1992. We examined potential predictive variables with the Cox proportional hazard model and longitudinal trends with the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. In all, 323 (124 men) new fatty liver cases were diagnosed. The incidence was 19.9/1000 person-years (22.3 for men, 18.6 for women) and peaked in the sixth decade of life. After controlling for age, sex, and smoking and drinking habits, obesity (relative risk (RR), 2.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.33-3.69, Po0.001), low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (RR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.42-2.47; Po0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (RR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.96-3.15; Po0.001), glucose intolerance (RR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.09-2.10; P¼0.013) and hypertension (RR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.30-2.04; Po0.001) were predictive of fatty liver. In multivariate analysis including all variables, obesity (RR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.93-3.38; Po0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (RR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.41-2.62; Po0.001) and hypertension (RR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.01-1.71; P¼0.046) remained predictive. In fatty liver cases, body mass index and serum triglycerides, but not systolic or diastolic blood pressure, increased significantly and steadily up to the time of the diagnosis. Obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and, to a lesser extent, hypertension might serve as predictive variables for fatty liver.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] As non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is also associated with the classical coronary risk factors of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance, 4,7,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15] non-alcoholic fatty liver disease serves as a surrogate marker for visceral fat accumulation or metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty liver incidence and predictive variables

et al. 2010

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“…Premature atherosclerosis derives in these subjects from the synergistic interaction of metabolic and haemodynamic changes summing up with inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, altered nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, small dense LDL and oxidized LDL, oxidative stress, increased thrombosis and decreased fibrinolysis. 29 Studies indicate that also NAFLD might be a cardiovascular risk factorlike MS. Non-obese patients with NAFLD have a more severe cardiovascular risk profile than obese patients (with or without NAFLD) 30 and premature atherosclerosis has recently been observed in humans with NAFLD. 31 Subjects with NASH have significantly higher systemic levels of lipid peroxidation products.…”

Section: Clinical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: the metabolic syndrome and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

Loria

Lonardo

Carulli

et al. 2005

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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SUMMARYMetabolic syndrome represents a common risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease and cancer whose core cluster includes diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and obesity. The liver is a target organ in metabolic syndrome patients in which it manifests itself with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease spanning steatosis through hepatocellular carcinoma via steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Given that metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease affect the same insulin-resistant patients, not unexpectedly, there are amazing similarities between metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in terms of prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical features and outcome. The available drug weaponry for metabolic syndrome includes aspirin, metformin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists, statins, ACE (angiotensin I-converting enzyme) inhibitors and sartans, which are potentially or clinically useful also to the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patient. Studies are needed to highlight the grey areas in this topic. Issues to be addressed include: diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome; nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; enlargement of the clinical spectrum and characterization of the prognosis of insulin resistance-related diseases; evaluation of the most specific clinical predictors of metabolic syndrome/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and assessment of their variability over the time; characterization of the importance of new risk factors for metabolic syndrome with regard to the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

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“…4,5 This association was found in NIDDM patients as well as in non-diabetic subjects. 6 Although an association between hepatic steatosis and atherosclerotic risk factors has been described, possible direct relationships between hepatic steatosis and atherosclerosis remain to be investigated.…”

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confidence: 88%

To study the carotid intima media thickness in patients of fatty liver disease

et al. 2017

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Background: Fatty liver is associated with several atherosclerotic risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. It has also been related to insulin resistance. This association was found in NIDDM patients as well as in non-diabetic subjects. An increased intima-media thickness (IMT) has been shown to be a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke. The aim of the present study is to investigate associations between hepatic steatosis and the risk of atherosclerosis.Methods: The present study was carried out on 88 patients of fatty liver disease and 80 controls in the department of General Medicine. An approximate equal number of age and sex matched persons without fatty liver were selected randomly as controls. Both fatty liver disease patients (i.e NAFLD and AFLD) and control group were further divided into two categories, one with risk factor for atherosclerosis and other without risk factors. Risk factors for atherosclerosis were taken according to ATP III guidelines.Results: When comparison of mean CIMT was done in NAFLD, AFLD and controls in a particular age group, significant difference was found in mean CIMT (both sides) in age group 40-49 yrs (p value 0.03, 0.002 for right and left respectively). The difference was also significant in mean CIMT of right in age group 18-24 yrs (p value 0.015) and in >60 years (p value 0.03). Among, NAFLD patients, for left mean CIMT p value was 0.0001, for right mean CIMT p value was 0.0001. Among AFLD patients, for left mean CIMT p value was 0.006 and for right mean CIMT p value was 0.0022. Only statistically significant difference was found in mean CIMT (left) in grade II fatty liver (p value 0.04). NAFLD and controls without risk factors for atherosclerosis, mean CIMT (both side) in NAFLD was found to be significantly more than control (p value 0.04). AFLD patients and controls without risk factors for atherosclerosis, mean CIMT of both side in AFLD patients was found to be significantly more than controls (p value for left CIMT 0.02 and for right CIMT 0.00001).Conclusions: CIMT was found to increase with advancing age in all three group i.e. NAFLD, AFLD and control group. CIMT was more in patients of fatty liver disease (both NAFLD and AFLD) having risk factor for atherosclerosis as compared to those without risk factors. Both NAFLD and AFLD are associated with increased CIMT in comparison to control group. As such all NAFLD and AFLD patients should be investigated for carotid atherosclerosis, as its early detection and management may be helpful in limiting the inherent complications of atherosclerosis.

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Correlation between Fatty Liver and Coronary Risk Factors: A Population Study of Elderly Men and Women in Nagasaki, Japan.

Cited by 74 publications

References 29 publications

Fatty liver incidence and predictive variables

Fatty liver incidence and predictive variables

Review article: the metabolic syndrome and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

To study the carotid intima media thickness in patients of fatty liver disease

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