Correlating surface growth of nanoporous gold with electrodeposition parameters to optimize amperometric sensing of nitrite

Electrodeposition of Nanoporous Gold Thin Films

“…It is interesting to see how the porous gold nanostructures can be electrodeposited on a solid support and the impact of electrodeposition parameters namely, potential and time of deposition, on the morphology and thickness of the film so formed. Detailed investigation on NPG surface pore size and the correlation with electrocatalytic activity has aimed to understand the growth mechanism of NPG [13]. The experimental results from the electrodeposition techniques have highlighted that the formation of a well-organized NPG film requires the appropriate electrochemistry and physics/mechanics interactions between the substrate and the deposits [96].…”

“…The electrochemical deposition of NPG on a solid substrate has been extensively researched in recent years. This facile technique enhances the electrochemical activity of the nanoporous film by offering fine control over the growth and nucleation mechanism which in turn determines the morphology of the deposited film [13]. The three-dimensional (3-D) nanoporous films, membranes or powders of large surface area have received great attention and it has been seen that the templating strategy is the most popular method for their preparation using polycarbonate membranes, colloidal crystals, lyotropic liquid crystalline phases of surfactants, and echinoid skeletal structures as the templates and will be discussed in this chapter [14,15].…”

An Electrochemically Synthesized Nanoporous Copper Microsensor for Highly Sensitive and Selective Determination of Glyphosate

“…This is in agreement with a growth mechanism following a combination of ballistic [43] and diffusion-limited aggregation [44] models, as also reported previously in our work on nanoporous gold films. [45] As E d becomes more negative, the dendrites growth is more uniform, and their size becomes smaller and increasingly 2-dimensional, evidenced by a 2-D and homogeneously grown smaller dendrite at E d = À 4 V. Such transformations are attributed to the activation of nucleation centers on the copper substrate at more negative potentials, which were dormant at less negative E d .…”

Mass Transport in Nanoporous Gold and Correlation with Surface Pores for EC1 Mechanism: Case of Ascorbic Acid

“…NPG films realized through this method resulted in a multiplicity of pore sizes and strut features, usually grown in the form of fractals. [8] The different NPG synthesis approaches are strongly correlated with their structural features and influence their electrochemical properties. The high NPG electrochemical activity was previously attributed mainly to the enhanced surface area, [9] but later researchers confirmed that the exposure of specific crystalline facets, [10] atomic-scale structural defects [11] and the nanoconfinement phenomenon [12] have also relevance to explain the electrocatalytic properties.…”

“…The high NPG electrochemical activity was previously attributed mainly to the enhanced surface area, [9] but later researchers confirmed that the exposure of specific crystalline facets, [10] atomic-scale structural defects [11] and the nanoconfinement phenomenon [12] have also relevance to explain the electrocatalytic properties. Such versatile properties of NPG materials inspired researchers to design diverse and innovative electroanalytical platforms to detect several analytes such as nitrite, [8,13] dopamine (DA), [14] glucose, [15] uric acid (UA), [16] ascorbic acid (AA), [17] among others, with high sensitivity, low detection limit, and unique selectivity.…”