Correlated evolution of flower size and seed number in flowering plants (monocotyledons)

Bawa, Kamaljit S.; Ingty, Tenzing; Revell, Liam J.; Shivaprakash, K. Nagaraju

doi:10.1093/aob/mcy154

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Many species traits show high levels of phylogenetic conservatism, i.e., their variation is strongly determined by their phylogenetic history (Chomicki et al, 2017;Bawa et al, 2019;Ehmig et al, 2019;Muscarella et al, 2019) and also the species environmental preferences may be strongly phylogenetically constrained (Felsenstein, 1985;Wiens et al, 2010). Understanding the patterns of trait variation across environmental gradients thus requires also understanding of the importance of phylogeny for the trait variation and assessing the effects of the environment on the trait variation after accounting for the phylogenetic patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Origin, but Not Phylogeny, Drive Species Ecophysiological Response to Projected Climate

et al. 2020

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Knowledge of the relationship between environmental conditions and species traits is an important prerequisite for understanding determinants of community composition and predicting species response to novel climatic conditions. Despite increasing number of studies on this topic, our knowledge on importance of genetic differentiation, plasticity and their interactions along larger sets of species is still limited especially for traits related to plant ecophysiology. We studied variation in traits related to growth, leaf chemistry, contents of photosynthetic pigments and activity of antioxidative enzymes, stomata morphology and photosynthetic activity across eight Impatiens species growing along altitudinal gradients in Himalayas cultivated in three different temperature regimes and explored effects of among species phylogenetic relationships on the results. Original and target climatic conditions determine trait values in our system. The traits are either highly plastic (e.g., APX, CAT, plant size, neoxanthin, β-carotene, chlorophyll a/b, DEPSC) or are highly differentiated among populations (stomata density, lutein production). Many traits show strong among population differentiation in degree of plasticity and direction in response to environmental changes. Most traits indicate that the species will profit from the expected warming. This suggests that different processes determine the values of the different traits and separating the importance of genetic differentiation and plasticity is crucial for our ability to predict species response to future climate changes. The results also indicate that evolution of the traits is not phylogenetically constrained but including phylogenetic information into the analysis may improve our understanding of the trait-environment relationships as was apparent from the analysis of SLA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Origin, but Not Phylogeny, Drive Species Ecophysiological Response to Projected Climate

et al. 2020

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“…To test for correlated evolution between seasonally dry habitats and acaulescent growth form (H1), we first evaluated the degree of phylogenetic signal for these two categorical characters following Bawa et al (2019). Phylogenetic signal tests were performed using the Cocoseae MCC tree and D statistic (Fritz and Purvis 2010) implemented in the 'caper' package (Orme 2013).…”

Section: Ancestral State Reconstruction and Correlated Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acaulescence promotes speciation and shapes the distribution patterns of palms in Neotropical seasonally dry habitats

et al. 2022

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Rainforests have been a source of lineages to open and seasonally dry habitats throughout Angiosperm evolution, especially in the Neotropics. However, the underlying mechanisms that allow such shifts remain poorly understood at large spatial scales. Here, we test whether acaulescence (an underground stem or a very short stem concealed in the ground) has affected the colonization and speciation in Neotropical seasonally dry habitats by cocosoid palms (Cocoseae). Acaulescent species maintain their growth underground, which increases their chances of survival from prolonged seasonal dry season and frequent fires. We use an integrative approach based on traitdependent diversification models, phylogenetic comparative methods and ecological niche models. We found that shifts towards acaulescent growth form were accompanied by evolutionary transitions to seasonally dry habitats. Acaulescent lineages had higher speciation rates than non-acaulescent ones. However, the interaction between acaulescence and seasonally dry habitats had no significant effect on Cocoseae speciation rates. Acaulescent palms are primarily distributed in Neotropical seasonally dry habitats and non-acaulescent palms are concentrated in Amazonian rainforests. Our results suggest that an underground stem, with high carbohydrate and water storage capacity, is a preadaptation by which rainforest lineages were able to colonize and diversify in new fire-prone, increasingly seasonal and drier adaptive zones. The projected global expansion of dry seasonal habitats requires an understanding of how drought-avoidance functional traits evolve and how they are linked to seasonally dry habitats. Our results are, thus, a step forward in determining plant response mechanisms to drier and seasonal conditions.

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“…The position and the degree of isolation among ovules may have an impact on competitive outcomes. Recently, we argued that competition may also be influenced by kin selection that may increase cooperation among developing seeds and reduce deleterious effects of competition (Bawa, 2016;Bawa et al, 2019). Genetic relatedness of developing seeds within an ovary may be influenced by specialized pollinators capable of delivering many pollen grains from a single pollen parent to a flower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evolutionary trends proposed by Puri (1952), and Stebbins (1974) considered the prevalent phylogeny of angiosperms at that time, which differed considerably from contemporary phylogenetic approaches based on comparative phylogenetic methods (PCMs) that have recently emerged as powerful tools to gain insights into morphological, physiological, and anatomical trait evolution across angiosperms (Willis et al, 2014;Chomicki et al, 2017;Bawa et al, 2019;Carta et al, 2020). Thus, we first map placentation types and ovule number/locule across the comprehensive angiosperm phylogeny and conduct comparative phylogenetic analyses to address the following questions: 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Placentation in Flowering Plants: A Possible Role for Kin Selection

Shivaprakash¹,

Bawa²

2022

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Placentation refers to the mode of ovule attachment on the wall of the ovary. In multiovulate ovaries, placentation influences interactions among developing seeds with varying degrees of kinships. Placentation is a taxonomically informative character in flowering plants, yet little has been written about the origin and evolutionary trends of various placentation types in flowering plants since Puri’s and Stebbins’ work, over six decades and almost four decades ago, respectively. More recently, some authors have written about the evolution of placentation in certain groups, but an overall perspective for angiosperms is lacking. For 421 families of angiosperms, we collected data on placentation types and ovule number, and analyzed the data in the phylogenetic context using recent comprehensive phylogeny of angiosperms to test the hypotheses on the evolution of various placentation types and their association with ovule number. The distribution of placentation types across flowering plants suggests that axile placentation, followed by parietal and basal placentation, occurs more frequently than laminar and free central placentation that are very rare. Our results are more consistent with evolutionary trends proposed by Puri than by Stebbins and suggest that marginal placentation is the ancestral and most primitive placentation type, while axile is the most advanced. Placentation types show strong association with ovule number. Finally, our results on ovule number and placentation types indicate that most angiosperms may fall into two categories: one with one or few ovule(s) and basal placentation, and another with many ovules and parietal and axile placentation. Kin selection within ovaries may play a role in explaining the observed patterns. Overall, our results provide new insights into the evolution of placentation, particularly into the drivers underlying the diversification of various placentation types.

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Correlated evolution of flower size and seed number in flowering plants (monocotyledons)

Abstract: The analyses support the suggestion that most angiosperms may fall into two categories, one with large flowers and many seeded fruits and the other with small flowers and single or few seeded fruits, and kin selection within ovaries may explain the observed patterns.

Cited by 19 publications

References 63 publications

Plant Origin, but Not Phylogeny, Drive Species Ecophysiological Response to Projected Climate

Plant Origin, but Not Phylogeny, Drive Species Ecophysiological Response to Projected Climate

Acaulescence promotes speciation and shapes the distribution patterns of palms in Neotropical seasonally dry habitats

The Evolution of Placentation in Flowering Plants: A Possible Role for Kin Selection

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