The
synthesis and characterization of chiral pincer-ruthenium complexes
of the type (R2NNN)RuCl2 (PPh3) (R
= 3-methylbutyl and 3,3-dimethylbutyl) is reported here. The cytotoxicity
studies of these complexes were studied and compared with the corresponding
activity of achiral complexes. The cytotoxic effect of pincer-ruthenium
complexes on human dermal fibroblasts and human tongue carcinoma
cells assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide (MTT) assay displayed an inhibition of normal and cancer cell
growth in a dose-dependent manner. Intracellular reactive oxygen species
(ROS) level measurement, lactate dehydrogenase assay, DNA fragmentation,
and necrosis studies revealed that treatment with pincer-ruthenium
complexes induced a redox imbalance in SAS cells by upregulating ROS
generation and caused necrotic cell death by disrupting the cellular
membrane integrity.