Corpus callosum in first-episode patients with schizophrenia – a magnetic resonance imaging study

Bachmann, Silke; Pantel, Johannes; Flender, A.; Bottmer, C.; Essig, Marco; Schröder, J.

doi:10.1017/s0033291703008043

Cited by 61 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…This is consistent with earlier studies in prepubescent nonhuman primates (Sanchez et al, 1998; Coe et al, 2002), but not with a recently published report that found no differences in CC (Spinelli et al, 2009). Given the gender differences in the CC (Bachmann et al, 2003; Suganthy et al, 2003) and the gender-by-early stress effect on the CC (Coe et al, 2002; see Table 3), it is possible that Spinelli and collaborators (2009) were not able to detect a rearing effect on the CC as a result of using a mixed-gender cohort. In addition, they were not able to investigate the sex-by-rearing interaction due to a limited number of subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-life stress, corpus callosum development, hippocampal volumetrics, and anxious behavior in male nonhuman primates

Jackowski

Perera

Abdallah

et al. 2011

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

102

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Male bonnet monkeys (Macaca radiata) were subjected to the Variable Foraging Demand (VFD) early stress paradigm as infants, MRI scans were completed an average of four years later, and behavioral assessments of anxiety and ex-vivo corpus callosum (CC) measurements were made when animals were fully matured. VFD rearing was associated with smaller CC size, CC measurements were found to correlate with fearful behavior in adulthood, and ex-vivo CC assessments showed high consistency with earlier MRI measures. Region of Interest (ROI) hippocampus and whole brain voxel- based morphometry assessments were also completed and VFD rearing was associated with reduced hippocampus and inferior and middle temporal gyri volumes. Animals were also characterized according to serotonin transporter genotype (5-HTTLPR), and the effect of genotype on imaging parameters was explored. The current findings highlight the importance of future research to better understand the effects of stress on brain development in multiple regions, including the corpus callosum, hippocampus, and other regions involved in emotion processing. Nonhuman primates provide a powerful model to unravel the mechanisms by which early stress and genetic makeup interact to produce long-term changes in brain development, stress reactivity, and risk for psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-life stress, corpus callosum development, hippocampal volumetrics, and anxious behavior in male nonhuman primates

Jackowski

Perera

Abdallah

et al. 2011

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

102

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“…[31,32] A great deal of literature has reported a reduction in CC area in schizophrenia patients and suggested an association between CC abnormalities and the occurrence of schizophrenia. [11,13,14] However, previous studies have found no differences in CC area regarding age, gender, course of illness or handedness in schizophrenia patients. [14,33,34] A recent MRI study of the CC using different methodologies suggested that age, sex and clinical status may affect the shape of the CC in schizophrenia patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…[8] Rosenthal and Bigelow [9] first drew attention to an increased thickness of the CC in postmortem brains of schizophrenia patients. Later, in neuroimaging studies, CC size was found to be increased, [10] decreased [11] or unaltered [12] compared with healthy controls. In a meta-analysis of 28 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies carried out by Arnone et al, [13] they found that schizophrenia patients seem to show a reduction in CC area.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 97%

Magnetic resonance imaging study of corpus callosum abnormalities in patients with different subtypes of schizophrenia

et al. 2014

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Background. Reductions in the size of the corpus callosum (CC) have been described for schizophrenia patients, but little is known about the possible regional differences in schizophrenia subtypes (paranoid, disorganised, undifferentiated, residual). Methods. We recruited 58 chronically schizophrenic patients with different subtypes, and 31 age-and-gender matched healthy controls. The callosum was extracted from a midsagittal slice from T1 weighted magnetic resonance images, and areas of the total CC, its five subregions, CC length and total brain volume were compared between schizophrenia subtypes and controls. Five subregions were approximately matched to fibre pathways from cortical regions. Results. Schizophrenia patients had reduced CC total area and length when compared with controls. Disorganised and undifferentiated schizophrenics had a smaller prefrontal area, while there was no significant difference for the paranoid and residual groups. The premotor/ supplementary motor area was smaller in all schizophrenia subtypes. The motor area was smaller only in the disorganised group. A smaller sensory area was found in all subtypes except the residual group. Parietal, temporal and occipital areas were smaller in the paranoid and undifferentiated groups. Total brain volume was smaller in all schizophrenia subtypes compared with controls, but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion. These findings suggest that the heterogeneity of symptoms may lead to the different CC morphological characteristics in schizophrenia subtypes.

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“…Although not regarded as a prime candidate, there is growing evidence from diverse sources including neuroimaging that the CC is a locus of interest in schizophrenia; the first MRI study suggested alterations in size and shape in schizophrenia [28] . Subsequent analyses have found conflicting results, including global increases [28,29] , reductions [30,31] or no differences [32,33] compared to healthy individuals, although a meta-analysis of the first decade of CC studies in schizophrenia suggests this structure is smaller in patients [34] . Data in subjects experiencing their first episode of schizophrenia suggest that the CC may also be smaller than in healthy individuals [32,35,36] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-Episode ‘Coenesthetic’ Schizophrenia Presenting with Alien Hand Syndrome and Partial Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum

et al. 2008

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We describe the case of a 23-year-old Caucasian woman who presented with alien hand syndrome and a first episode of the coenesthetic subtype of schizophrenia. ‘Alienness’ of her non-dominant hand was intimately phenomenologically associated with the onset of first-psychosis. Cerebral MRI revealed a partial agenesis of the corpus callosum with a complete absence of the rostrum, hypoplastic anterior and inferior genu, and a hypoplastic splenium. This case suggests that this syndrome can occur with the development of a functional disconnection syndrome involving the anterior callosum, and in this case the ‘second hit’ proposed to occur in early adulthood in schizophrenia may have interacted with her earlier neurodevelopmental lesion to result in a combination of psychosis and alien hand syndrome.

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Corpus callosum in first-episode patients with schizophrenia – a magnetic resonance imaging study

Abstract: Our findings are in line with other in vivo morphometric studies on the CC in schizophrenia. The larger CC area in women may reflect general gender-related differences in CC size as described in healthy individuals.

Cited by 61 publications

References 66 publications

Early-life stress, corpus callosum development, hippocampal volumetrics, and anxious behavior in male nonhuman primates

Early-life stress, corpus callosum development, hippocampal volumetrics, and anxious behavior in male nonhuman primates

Magnetic resonance imaging study of corpus callosum abnormalities in patients with different subtypes of schizophrenia

First-Episode ‘Coenesthetic’ Schizophrenia Presenting with Alien Hand Syndrome and Partial Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum

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