Corn Yield Response to Varied Producer Controlled Factors and Weather in High Yield Environments

Polito, Thomas A.

doi:10.2134/jpa1991.0051

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Grain yield was higher with 0.51‐ vs. 0.76‐m row spacing in 1996 and 1997, but not in 1998. The increased yield with 0.51‐m spacing is supported by the findings of others who have reported yield increases of up to 10% with reduced row spacing (Hodges and Evans, 1990; Polito and Voss, 1991; Porter et al, 1997; Ulger et al, 1997; Widdicombe and Thelen, 2002). High yields can be achieved with 0.76‐m row spacing, however, as was the case in 1998 when grain yields were higher than in previous years and the main effect of row spacing was not significant.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Corn Response to Nitrogen Rate, Row Spacing, and Plant Density in Eastern Nebraska

2006

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Efficient use of N by corn (Zea mays L.) is financially and environmentally important, and may be improved with higher plant density and reduced row spacing. Hypotheses were tested that irrigated corn yield in northeast Nebraska is increased by reducing row spacing from 0.76 m and increasing plant density above 61 800 plants ha 21 , and that grain yield response to applied N is greater with reduced row spacing and increased plant density. Field experiments were conducted for 3 yr comparing the effects 0.76-vs. 0.51-m row spacing, three plant densities, and four N rates on crop performance. The soil was a silty clay loam (mesic Cumulic Haplustoll). Nitrogen rates ranged from 0 to 252 kg N ha 21 . Plant N concentration and biomass and grain yield were not affected by plant density. Decreasing row spacing from 0.76 to 0.51 m resulted in 4% more grain yield. Grain yield response to applied N and N rates for optimum yield were not affected by row spacing. Nitrogen application resulted in mean increases of 22% more biomass production and 24% more grain yield. The N response function was linear in 1996, quadratic in 1997, and quadratic with decreased yields at the high N rate (252 kg N ha 21 ) in 1998. Grain yield was not affected by increasing plant density above 61 800 plants ha 21 but was greater with narrow row spacing. Yield response to applied N was similar for all planting arrangements. Optimal N rate cannot be better predicted by considering plant density and row spacing.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Corn Response to Nitrogen Rate, Row Spacing, and Plant Density in Eastern Nebraska

2006

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“…Split applications of N have been shown to have greater economic returns and greater grain yield than preplant N applications in many studies (Gehl et al, 2005;Lopez-Bellido et al, 2005;Randall et al, 2003, Rozas et al, 1999Smith et al, 1996). On the other hand, there have also been studies indicating decrease in yield with split N applications (Polito and Voss, 1991;Randall et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage and Nitrogen Application Methodology Impacts on Corn Grain Yield

Viswakumar¹,

Mullen²,

Sundermeier³

et al. 2008

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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Increased fuels costs have prompted many producers to consider conservation tillage techniques and single pass applications of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and herbicide to reduce fuel expenses. The objective of this study was to determine the impacts of tillage and nitrogen application methodology on corn grain yield. The experiment was conducted from 2002-2005 at the Northwest Research Station of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC) near Hoytville, OH. Six different tillage regimes were established as main plots: no-till, fall disc-field cultivator, Aerway tool tillage, early planted strip-till, late planted strip-till, and zone deep-till. Subplots consisted of either a single-pass application of broadcast, surface applied urea-ammonoium nitrate (UAN) representing a weed 'n' feed application, a split application of nitrogen between planter applied and sidedress N (subsurface injected N), or an unfertilized control. The rate of N for the different application methodologies was 168 kg ha −1 . Dry conditions during the 2002 growing season resulted in very poor corn yield and thus little response to tillage or N application. In 2003, the split treatment maximized corn yield likely due to minimized ammonia volatilization independent of tillage regime. Surface broadcast applications of UAN resulted in lower grain yields in conservation tillage treatments compared to split nitrogen applications in 2004. No statistical differences were noted between the two application methods in the conventional tillage treatments. In 2005, no yield differences could be attributed to N application methodology across tillage treatments. From this study it was concluded that surface broadcast application of UAN can result in yield loss, especially in conservation tillage systems.

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“…Split application (40% at planting, 60% at V8) of N at four sites in Pennsylvania eliminated the potential for early season N deficiency that was associated with sidedressing all N at V8 and minimized the potential for early season loss that occurred when all of the N was applied at planting (Smith et al, 1996). They concluded that split application of N would be the best recommendation on fields with low residual N. Conversely, splitting N application between preplant and sidedressing did not increase corn grain yields compared with preplant application at eight field sites in a 3‐yr Iowa study (Polito and Voss, 1991) or at three ridge‐till sites in Minnesota (Randall et al, 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

Corn Production on a Subsurface‐Drained Mollisol as Affected by Time of Nitrogen Application and Nitrapyrin

Randall

Vetsch

Huffman³

2003

Agronomy Journal

109

102

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of nitrate leaching. Nitrate can also be lost by denitrification in wet soils, which is also most likely to occur in Time of N fertilizer application to corn (Zea mays L.) and use of spring. Soils with subsurface drainage may be at higher a nitrification inhibitor are management strategies that can affect corn risk for nitrate leaching, but at lower risk for N loss due production and loss of NO 3 -N from the soil profile via subsurface, tile drainage. A field study was conducted from the fall of 1986 through to denitrification. on a tile-drained Canisteo clay loam soil [fine-loamy, mixedApplication of N in the fall has advantages for both (calcareous), mesic Typic Endoaquolls] to determine the influence growers and the fertilizer industry. These economical of time of N application and nitrapyrin [2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) and logistical advantages include better distribution of pyridine] on yield of corn and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] labor and equipment demands, time savings during the in rotation and N uptake of corn. Four anhydrous ammonia (AA) busy spring planting season, lower N costs in some years, treatments [(fall without nitrapyrin (NP), fall with NP, spring preplant, and frequently more favorable soil conditions for field and split (40% preplant and 60% sidedress at V8 stage)] were repliwork (Bundy, 1986; Randall and Schmitt, 1998). Becated four times and applied at 150 kg N ha Ϫ1 (135 lb N acre Ϫ1 ) for cause of the risk of losing a portion of fall-applied N, corn each year. Fall applications occurred between 19 and 28 October recommendations for fall N usually specify use of amwhen soil temperatures generally were Յ10؇C. Seven-year average corn grain yields were least for fall N without NP (8.27 Mg ha Ϫ1 , 131 monium forms and delaying time of application until bu acre Ϫ1 ), intermediate for fall N with NP and spring N (8.72 Mg soil temperatures are Ͻ10ЊC ( Keeney, 1982). Compariha Ϫ1 , 139 bu acre Ϫ1 ), and greatest for the split N treatment (9.11 Mg sons of corn yield after fall or spring N application have ha Ϫ1 , 145 bu acre Ϫ1 ). Corn N uptake was not different among treatbeen variable. Fall application (mid-November) proments in drier years but was generally greatest for the spring and split duced lower corn grain yields than spring preplant or treatments in wet years. Apparent N recovery ranged from 31% for sidedress application regardless of N rate in Ontario fall N without NP to 44% for the split treatment. Economic return (Stevenson and Baldwin, 1969). The yield reduction asto fertilizer was greatest for the split treatment ($239.40 ha Ϫ1 yr Ϫ1 ) sociated with fall application was greater on clay soils and lowest for fall N without NP ($166.70 ha Ϫ1 yr Ϫ1 ). Application than on loam soils. Three-yr yield averages showed fall

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Corn Yield Response to Varied Producer Controlled Factors and Weather in High Yield Environments

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

Corn Response to Nitrogen Rate, Row Spacing, and Plant Density in Eastern Nebraska

Corn Response to Nitrogen Rate, Row Spacing, and Plant Density in Eastern Nebraska

Tillage and Nitrogen Application Methodology Impacts on Corn Grain Yield

Corn Production on a Subsurface‐Drained Mollisol as Affected by Time of Nitrogen Application and Nitrapyrin

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