Corn Response to Nitrogen Rate, Row Spacing, and Plant Density in Eastern Nebraska

Shapiro, Charles A.; Wortmann, Charles S.

doi:10.2134/agronj2005.0137

Cited by 124 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Their data result in PYP 28 % higher for the first vs. the latter hybrid. Shapiro and Wortmann (2006) also found that population affected HI, the highest HI being obtained at lower populations (55 % at 5.5 plants/m 2 ). Echarte and Andrade (2003) found that prolificacy stabilized HI and advanced hybrid reproductive plasticity at low populations.…”

Section: Environmental Yield Index (Eyi) and Crop Yield Potential (Cyp)mentioning

confidence: 73%

Adapting maize crop to climate change

Tokatlidis

2012

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Global weather changes compel agriculture to be adequately productive under diverse and marginal conditions. In maize, modern hybrids fail to meet this requirement. Although breeding has achieved spectacular progress in grain yield per area through improved tolerance to stresses, including intense crowding, yields at low plant population densities remain almost unchanged. Stagnated plant yield potential renders hybrids unable to take advantage of resource abundance at lower populations, designating them population dependent. Consequently, the optimum population varies greatly across environments. Generally, the due population increases as the environmental yield potential gets higher. As a remedy, relatively low populations are recommended for low-input conditions leading to inappropriate population in occasional adequacy of resources and considerable yield loss. For example, for a rain-fed hybrid tested at one location across 11 seasons, crop yield potential and optimum population on the basis of the quadratic yield-plateau model varied from 1,890 to 8,980 kg/ha and 4.56 to 10.2 plants/m 2 , respectively, while 100 % yield loss is computed in the driest season if the optimum population for the most favorable season is used. The article reviews the consequences in terms of crop sustainability under widely diverse environments imposed by climatic changes and proposes crop management strategies to address the situation. The major points are: (1) variableyielding environments require variable optimum populations, (2) population dependence is an insurmountable barrier in making a decision on plant population, (3) farmers suffer from considerable yield and income loss, (4) estimating the less population-dependent hybrids among the currently cultivated ones is a major challenge for agronomists, and (5) the development of population-neutral hybrids is a fundamental challenge for maize breeding. Honeycomb breeding is a valuable tool to pursue this goal since it places particular emphasis on the so-far stagnated plant yield potential that is essential for population-neutral hybrid development.

show abstract

Section: Environmental Yield Index (Eyi) and Crop Yield Potential (Cyp)mentioning

confidence: 73%

Adapting maize crop to climate change

Tokatlidis

2012

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Shapiro and Wortmann (2006) argue that regardless of the plant population, reducing spacing from 76 to 51 cm results in higher N uptake and usually in higher plant nitrogen. However, little attention has been dedicated to the quality of this protein, which is related to plant and animal N metabolism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn plant arrangement and its effect on silage quality

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of the row spacing between corn plants on silage quality. Different spacing between corn rows (40, 60, and 80 cm) was used, but the population of plants was maintained around 65,000/ha in all treatments. Analysis of variance was carried out and means were compared by Tukey's test at 5% of probability. A reduction in row spacing provided better spatial distribution of plants, but did not alter morphological composition or dry matter production. The corn with most equidistant spatial distribution (lowest row spacing) showed an increase in lignin concentration, neutral detergent fiber, and total carbohydrates, and showed a decrease in total digestible nutrients when compared with 80 cm row spacing. However, the organic digestibility matter was not affected by the treatments. The content and quality of protein were higher for 80 cm row spacing compared with the other levels; also, protein content was reduced as the spacing between rows became smaller. The only mineral affected was calcium, which had the lowest value at higher levels of spacing. Although differences were detected for many variables, the most appropriate spacing between rows should also take into account economic and practical aspects when choosing the best plant arrangement.

show abstract

“…High plant densities increased cereal crop yield when compared to the recommended plant density in some studies (von Qualen et al, 1993;LaFarge & Hammer, 2002;Conley et al, 2005). Other researchers found that plant density had no effect on maize grain yield (Ma et al, 2003;Aflakui et al, 2005b;Shapiro & Wortmann, 2006). Combined use of fertilizer and optimum plant density may increase food production and safeguard the environment for future generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Quality Protein Maize Response to Nitrogen Rate and Plant Density in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Ghana

Buah¹,

Abatania²,

Aflakpui³

2010

West African Journal of Applied Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Field experiments were conducted in the Guinea savanna ecology of Ghana to evaluate yield response of quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid to plant density and nitrogen (N) fertilizer. The experiments were conducted at four locations on 16 farmers' fields in 2002 and 2003. Three N rates (0, 90 and 135 kg/ha) were combined with three plant densities (50 000, 62 500 and 71 400 plants/ha) to constitute nine treatments which were tested in a randomized complete block design. Optimal N rate was not affected by plant density. There was no yield response to plant density. However, grain yield had a linear and quadratic response to N at all sites. Grain yield increases as a result of 90 kg N/ha applied over the farmers' practice (0 kg N/ha) at Tumu, Jirapa, Kpongu and Wa were 39%, 85%, 101% and 303% in 2002, respectively. Grain yield increases for the same rate and sites in 2003 were 31%, 83%, 63% and 51%, respectively. Marginal rate of return (MMR) to 90 kg N/ha combined with 62 600 plants/ha was the highest (5564%). Increasing N rate beyond 90 kg/ha did not result in corresponding increase in yield nor net benefit to merit the extra cost that may be incurred. From the study, application of 90 kg N/ha to hybrid maize would give economic yield response and acceptable returns at low risk to farmers, regardless of plant density.

show abstract

Corn Response to Nitrogen Rate, Row Spacing, and Plant Density in Eastern Nebraska

Cited by 124 publications

References 29 publications

Adapting maize crop to climate change

Adapting maize crop to climate change

Corn plant arrangement and its effect on silage quality

Quality Protein Maize Response to Nitrogen Rate and Plant Density in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Ghana

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About