Corn Yield Response to Pyraclostrobin with Foliar Fertilizers

Abstract

Strobilurin fungicides, including pyraclostrobin, protect many crops from several fungal pathogens and create opportunities to increase plant health and yields. However, corn (Zea mays L.) and many other plants' physiological responses to pyraclostrobin include increases in processes that require nutrients. By applying foliar fertilizers, growers can adjust their nutrient-management strategy based on the plant's reaction to pyraclostrobin. Identifying plants' increased nutrient demands and meeting them with a foliar fertilizer at the time of fungicide application (tasselling) could increase yields. This study evaluated effects of foliar-applied pyraclostrobin at 0.11 kg ha-1 a.i. with or without 13 commonly available foliar fertilizers on yield, tissue macro-and micronutrient concentrations, severity of disease, and grain quality. Field research occurred at three University of Missouri research centers from 2008-2009. One foliar fertilizer, 0-0-30-0, caused up to 20% crop injury. Diseases affected plants in all six site-years, but overall severity was low (≤ 2%) and likely did not impact crop performance. Pyraclostrobin increased ear leaf B and Cu concentrations over all site-years seven days after treatment, and decreased N concentrations at one site-year. Grain yields increased 5% at two research sites with pyraclostrobin, and one location had increased grain moisture and grain oil at harvest. One foliar fertilizer, 30-0-0-0, increased grain yields by 10% at two sites compared to the non-treated control. However, foliar fertilizers showed no observable effects on grain quality characteristics, and none of the foliar fertilizers negatively impacted grain yield.

Enhanced Efficiency Foliar Nitrogen and Pyraclostrobin Applications for High Yielding Corn

“…Although this study found only minor disease severity differences between N treatments, probably due to increased injury caused by 30-0-0-0 at 28 L ha -1 , other research saw no effect of N management on the severity of northern corn leaf blight (Bair et al, 1990). Foliar-applied fertilizer has caused lesions that resulted in desiccation of epidermal cells (Gamble & Emino, 1987;Shetley et al, 2015), which may allow greater infection of leaf tissue when foliar disease is present. In 2011, common rust was not present at Novelty or Albany, and it was less than 2% at Novelty in 2010 (Tables 6 and 7).…”

“…Farmers planning to apply fungicide could use a chlorophyll meter to help determine whether to combine enhanced efficiency foliar N fertilizer with the fungicide. Several commercially available foliar fertilizers were evaluated for their effect corn grain yields when applied at VT in the presence or absence of pyraclostrobin (Shetley et al, 2015). A slowly available N solution source at 9 L ha -1 containing methylene urea, triazone, and urea (30-0-0-0, Nitamin, Koch Fertilizer, LLC., Wichita, Kansas) increased yields 10% (1.1 Mg ha -1 ) at four of the six site years (Shetley et al, 2015).…”

Photoynthetic and productive increase in tomato plants treated with strobilurins and carboxamides for the control of Alternaria solani

“…These results show that the application of strobilurins and carboxamides increased tomato productivity and are consistent with Giuliani et al (2010) and Cantore et al (2016), who reported that the application of azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin, respectively, in tomato plants promoted higher marketable fruit yield. Previous studies have also demonstrated productivity increases by these fungicides in other crops such as grapevine (Diaz-Espejo et al, 2012), soy , beans (Jadoski et al, 2015), corn (Shetley et al, 2015), carrot (Colombari et al, 2015) and Japanese cucumber (Amaro et al, 2018). Such productive gains are associated with side effects on plant physiology and improved disease control efficacy (Diaz-Espejo et al, 2012).…”

Physiological effects of mandestrobin

“…It has been reported that some Q O Is delayed the leaf senescence of treated plants, leading to extended green leaf area du-ration and increased yield. 2,3,5,7) Therefore, the effect of mandestrobin in combination with tebuconazole on SPAD values of B. napus top leaves was evaluated. Treatment significantly increased SPAD values by 27%, indicating that a larger amount of Chl was retained in the top leaves of treated plants than in those of mock-treated plants (Fig.…”

“…In addition to their fungicidal effects, some fungicides-including Q O inhibitors (Q O I) and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI)-have been reported to have additional effects on the physiology of treated plants both in field and greenhouse conditions. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] For example, it has been reported that nitrate uptake was increased in pyraclostrobin-treated wheat (Triticum aestivum) compared to untreated plants. 2) Also, azoxystrobin treatment of wheat reportedly delayed plant senescence and reduced oxidative stress.…”