Enhanced Efficiency Foliar Nitrogen and Pyraclostrobin Applications for High Yielding Corn

Abstract

Combining a foliar fertilizer and fungicide in a single application could complement soil-applied nitrogen (N) and reduce application costs. Limited research has evaluated such combinations for high-yield corn (Zea mays L.) production systems. This research evaluated the effect of mixing order of enhanced-efficiency foliar N (30-0-0-0, Nitamin) rates (0, 9, and 28 L ha -1 ) with pyraclostrobin under different crop-yield environments (soil applied N at 84, 169, and 337 kg ha -1 ) on crop injury, disease severity, chlorophyll content, grain quality, and yield at Novelty and Albany, Missouri, in 2010 and 2011. There was no effect of 30-0-0-0 at 9 or 28 L ha -1 on corn yields in low-(soil applied N at 84 kg ha -1 ) or medium-yield environments (soil applied N at 169 kg ha -1 ). In a highyield environment (soil applied N at 337 kg ha -1 at Novelty and Albany), 30-0-0-0 at 9 L ha -1 increased grain yields 0.38 Mg ha -1 (3.7%) compared to the non-treated control, but 30-0-0-0 at 28 L ha -1 did not increase yield due to 3-4% crop injury. In a high-yield environment (> 9.4 Mg ha -1 ), pyraclostrobin increased yields 3.9 to 7.1% (0.38 to 0.7 Mg ha -1 ) compared to the non-treated plants. This study found no significant effect of mixing order on corn yield response when 30-0-0-0 was applied with pyraclostrobin at 0.055 kg ai ha -1 . The severity of diseases (Cercospora zea-maydis, Puccinia sorghi, and Exserohilum turcicum), which was less than 12% depending on the treatment, was affected by soil-applied N rate, 30-0-0-0 rate, and pyraclostrobin, depending on the site-year. Pyraclostrobin at 0.11 kg ai ha -1 (7.1%) and 30-0-0-0 at 9 L ha -1 (3.7%) were the highest-yielding treatments compared to the non-treated control with good crop safety.

Synergistic Effects of Chemical Fungicides with Crude Extracts from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to Control Northern Corn Leaf Blight

“…Pyrazoxystrobin is an important class of respiratory inhibitors, mainly acting on cytochrome bc1Q0 ubiquinone oxidase. It is widely used in the prevention and cure of maize leaf spot diseases [42]. In order to avoid the rapid development of resistance to pyrazoxystrobin and prolong its lifespan, it is necessary to search for an exogenous substance that can enhance its inhibitory activity.…”

Induced resistance to common rust (Puccinia sorghi), in maize (Zea mays)

“…Commercially, Consist Max ® is a fungicide with tebuconazole (triazole) and trifloxystrobin as active ingredients. This compound belongs to the group of strobilurins, which decrease the severity of P. sorghi and significantly increase the maize grain yield (Carmona et al, 2009;Nelson et al, 2015). According to Lazo and Ascencio (2014), in addition to a fungicide action, the strobilurins have a positive influence on the metabolic and physiologic processes, by altering the phytohormone levels, delaying senescence processes and increasing grain yield.…”

Does Narrow-Row Corn Production Influence Plants’ Response to Foliar Inputs?

“…However, some corn growers are including foliar N as an additive to foliar fungicide applications at pollination to optimize yield. Nelson et al (2015) reported yield increases associated with pyraclostrobin [methyl N ‐(2‐ [(1‐[4‐chlorophenyl]pyrazol‐3‐yl)oxymethyl]phenyl)‐ N ‐methoxycarbamate] combined with a foliar N application at anthesis in high‐yielding environments. However, Shetley et al (2015) found no evidence of synergistic responses in an evaluation of common foliar fertilizers applied with and without pyraclostrobin.…”

“…Growers who have achieved record grain yields in the National Corn Yield Contest (National Corn Growers’ Association, 2019) promote these practices. Several university studies also indicate that these methods may help corn growers increase yields (Ruffo et al, 2015; Nelson and Meinhardt, 2011; Nelson et al, 2015).…”