Coordinated frequency regulation by offshore wind farms and VSC-HVDC transmission

Abstract

With the increasing wind penetration, large-scale offshore wind farms exert significant impact on power system security and operation, and thus are required to contribute to system frequency regulation. This paper develops a coordinated control strategy for offshore wind farms with voltage source converter-based HVDC (VSC-HVDC) transmission system to participate in power system frequency regulation. The strategy explores the frequency support capability of offshore wind farms and VSC-HVDC. By implementing the proposed coordinated control, the VSC-HVDC link is able to provide quick virtual inertial response to onshore grid frequency drops. Shortly afterwards, the offshore wind farm detects the frequency changes and start to participate in inertial response and primary frequency control. The offshore wind farms, in this study, consist of full-converter wind turbines (FCWTs). Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the frequency regulation capability of VSC-HVDC and validate the effectiveness of the proposed coordinated control strategy.

Frequency Regulation Strategies in Grid Integrated Offshore Wind Turbines via VSC-HVDC Technology: A Review

“…The authors in [41,[74][75][76] blended both the kinetic energy stored in the wind turbine rotors and the electrical energy stored in the DC shunt capacitors of the HVDC link aim to emulate the initial response of a conventional synchronous machine.…”