Cool Orchard Temperatures or Growing Trees in Containers Can Inhibit Leaf Gas Exchange of Avocado and Mango

Whiley, A. W.; Searle, C.; Schaffer, Bruce; Wolstenholme, B. N.

doi:10.21273/jashs.124.1.46

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A strong correlation between high starch concentration in leaves and low assimilation rate can generally be found (Paul and Foyer 2001). Whiley et al (1999) observed that A max was substantially lower in leaves of mango trees grown in containers than in field-grown trees. They attributed this decrease in photosynthesis to end-product inhibition by carbohydrate accumulation.…”

Section: Relationship Between Nitrogen and Leaf Carbohydrate Concentrmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of leaf-to-fruit ratio on leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthesis in girdled branches of Mangifera indica L.

Urban

Léchaudel

2005

Trees

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Variations in leaf nitrogen concentration (N m ), mass-to-area ratio (M a ), amount of leaf nitrogen per unit leaf area (N a ), and non-structural carbohydrates were measured in well-lit girdled branches of 11-year-old mango trees that were experiencing similar conditions of irradiance and gap fraction. The influence of source-sink relationships was studied by testing three levels of leaf-tofruit ratio: 40, 70 and 150, during the period of linear fruit growth. N a was negatively correlated to the leaf-to-fruit ratio. Differences in N a were reflected in differences in net photosynthetic assimilation, A net , although they could not fully account for them. All differences in N a resulted exclusively from differences in N m , not M a . Starch and total nonstructural carbohydrates accumulated in the leaves as the result of higher leaf-to-fruit ratio, which suggests that the leaf carbohydrate status may play a role in photosynthetic acclimation to fruit load in mango. These observations complement previous findings where photosynthetic acclimation to light was found to be driven by changes in M a , while N m remained almost constant over a large range of gap fractions. Observations about the effect of fruit load were also in contrast with previous observations, since no evidence was found that leaf carbohydrate status played any role in photosynthetic acclimation to light. This study demonstrates that acclimation to changing source-sink relationships does not follow the same pattern as acclimation to progressive shading; but these observations do suggest that there may be different mechanisms by which leaves acclimatise to changing conditions. L. Urban ( ) INRA/CIRAD-Flhor, Station de Bassin-Plat,

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Section: Relationship Between Nitrogen and Leaf Carbohydrate Concentrmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of leaf-to-fruit ratio on leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthesis in girdled branches of Mangifera indica L.

Urban

Léchaudel

2005

Trees

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“…The subtropical avocado and mango have been reported to have low photosynthetic rates, but improved rates were recently obtained under optimal conditions Whiley and Schaffer, 1994). Whiley et al (1999) suggest that orchard trees may frequently be suffering from root restriction, which limits their photosynthetic capacity. Similar views have been expressed with regard to citrus by Idso and Kimball (1994).…”

Section: The Evergreen Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate Supply as a Critical Factor for Citrus Fruit Development and Productivity

Goldschmidt¹

1999

HortSci

118

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“…Several studies have shown a feedback inhibition of A through leaf carbohydrate accumulation, imposed by restricted rooting volume because of small pot size (e.g. Robbins and Pharr 1988;Thomas and Strain 1991;Whiley et al 1999). In a few studies, however, A was apparently unresponsive to (Krizek et al 1985; Barrett and Gifford 1995), or increased with (Carmi et al 1983), decreasing pot size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and photosynthetic down-regulation in Coffea arabica in response to restricted root volume

Ronchi

DaMatta

Batista

et al. 2006

Functional Plant Biol.

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Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants were grown in small (3-L), medium (10-L) and large (24-L) pots for 115 or 165 d after transplanting (DAT), which allowed different degrees of root restriction. Effects of altered source : sink ratio were evaluated in order to explore possible stomatal and non-stomatal mechanisms of photosynthetic down-regulation. Increasing root restriction brought about large and general reductions in plant growth associated with a rising root : shoot ratio. Treatments did not affect leaf water potential or leaf nutrient status, with the exception of N content, which dropped significantly with increasing root restriction even though an adequate N supply was available. Photosynthesis was severely reduced when plants were grown in small pots; this was largely associated with non-stomatal factors, such as decreased Rubisco activity. At 165 DAT contents of hexose, sucrose, and amino acids decreased in plants grown in smaller pots, while those of starch and hexose-P increased in plants grown in smaller pots. Photosynthetic rates were negatively correlated with the ratio of hexose to free amino acids, but not with hexose content. Activities of acid invertase, sucrose synthase, sucrose-P synthase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, starch phosphorylase, glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase, PPi : fructose-6-P 1-phosphotransferase and NADP : glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase all decreased with severe root restriction. Glycerate-3-P : Pi and glucose-6-P : fructose-6-P ratios decreased accordingly. Photosynthetic downregulation was unlikely to have been associated directly with an end-product limitation, but rather with decreases in Rubisco. Such a down-regulation was largely a result of N deficiency caused by growing coffee plants in small pots.

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Cool Orchard Temperatures or Growing Trees in Containers Can Inhibit Leaf Gas Exchange of Avocado and Mango

Cited by 38 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of leaf-to-fruit ratio on leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthesis in girdled branches of Mangifera indica L.

Effect of leaf-to-fruit ratio on leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthesis in girdled branches of Mangifera indica L.

Carbohydrate Supply as a Critical Factor for Citrus Fruit Development and Productivity

Growth and photosynthetic down-regulation in Coffea arabica in response to restricted root volume

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