Carbohydrate Supply as a Critical Factor for Citrus Fruit Development and Productivity

Goldschmidt, Eliezer E.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.34.6.1020

Cited by 118 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Goren 1993 and references therein). Thus, there is evidence indicating the involvement of carbohydrate in this process (Goldschmidt 1999). Many data are supported by experiments modifying the sugar availability for growing fruitlets (Mehouachi et al 1995;Iglesias et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Carbohydrate and ethylene levels related to fruitlet drop through abscission zone A in citrus

Iglesias

Tadeo

Primo‐Millo

et al. 2006

Trees

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Citrus fruits have two abscission zones (AZ), named A (in the pedicel) and C (in the calyx). Early fruitlet abscission takes place exclusively through AZ A, while at June drop it is progressively inactivated and AZ C begins to operate. In previous work, it has been demonstrated that carbohydrate and ethylene regulate fruit drop through abscission zone C. In this paper, we have analysed the effect of these two factors in developing fruitlets of Satsuma mandarins (Citrus unshiu [Mak.] Marc.) cv. Okitsu to elucidate their involvement on abscission through AZ A. The data indicated that ACC content and ethylene production of fruitlets paralleled abscission rates. Sucrose supplementation increased fruit set, although did not counteract the abscising effect induced by ACC. Branch girdling of terminal fruitlets carrying several leaves significatively reduced ethylene production and abscission rates, and increased sugar content. Pedicel girdling showed the opposite. Taken together, the results revealed that the carbohydrate content may be a biochemical signal involved in the mechanisms controlling abscission through AZ A. The evidence also showed parallelisms between ethylene and its activation. As the induction of higher ethylene levels after the period of AZ A activity, however, was not able to promote fruit drop, it is also concluded that solely ethylene is not sufficient to activate abscission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Carbohydrate and ethylene levels related to fruitlet drop through abscission zone A in citrus

Iglesias

Tadeo

Primo‐Millo

et al. 2006

Trees

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“…Thus, sink activity appears to be very high early in the season in both olive (an evergreen species) and peach (a deciduous species). Spring shoot growth, floral development, anthesis, fruit set, and initial fruit growth in evergreens such as citrus have been shown to demand large amounts of carbon that are provided by a combination of current photosynthesis and carbohydrate reserves (Goldschmidt, 1999). In olive, the role of reserves in the alternate bearing cycle is still unclear, but they are likely to be important early in the growing season for flowering and initial tree growth and later in the season for survival under drought or other extreme conditions (Bustan et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of shoot and fruit growth following fruit thinning in olive trees: Same season and subsequent season responses

Fernández

Ladux

Searles

2015

Scientia Horticulturae

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“…The effects of bark girdling have been suggested to be due to the transitory blocking of phloem transport from leaves to roots that may increase availability of sugars and hormones above the girdle (Goldschmidt et al 1985;Wallerstein et al 1978;Yamanishi 1995). The enhancement of carbohydrate availability has been associated with an improvement of fruit set and yield of citrus trees (Monselise et al 1972;Goldschmidt 1999;Goren et al 2003). It has been also reported that girdling improves citrus fruit set through the increase of leaf photosynthetic capacity (Iglesias et al 2006;Rivas et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay of early fruitlet abscission by branch girdling in citrus coincides with previous increases in carbohydrate and gibberellin concentrations

et al. 2009

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Current evidence in citrus indicates that gibberellins (GAs) are main determinants of early fruit set while subsequent growth of developing fruits is mostly dependent upon carbohydrate availability. In this work, branch girdling performed at anthesis in Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu (Mak.) Marc.) cv. Okitsu transitorily reduced early abscission rates (12-32 days after anthesis, DAA) delaying initially the process of natural fruitlet drop. The effects of girdling on growth, gibberellin (GA) and carbohydrate concentrations in developing ovaries and fruitlets were assessed during this initial growth stage (0-69 DAA). In girdled branches, abscission rate reduction was preceded by elevated concentrations of carbohydrate and GA in developing ovaries and fruitlets. Girdling at anthesis stimulated higher hexose (21 DAA) and starch (6-20 DAA) concentrations and also higher GA 1 (6 DAA), GA 19 (13-20 DAA) and GA 20 (6-20 DAA). The results established a relationship between the reduction of early abscission rates and higher concentrations of carbohydrates and GAs induced by girdling in developing fruitlets. These findings revealed that girdling certainly increased GA concentration and strongly suggested that its effect on early fruitlet abscission delay is likely mediated by both GA and carbohydrates.

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Carbohydrate Supply as a Critical Factor for Citrus Fruit Development and Productivity

Cited by 118 publications

References 46 publications

Carbohydrate and ethylene levels related to fruitlet drop through abscission zone A in citrus

Carbohydrate and ethylene levels related to fruitlet drop through abscission zone A in citrus

Dynamics of shoot and fruit growth following fruit thinning in olive trees: Same season and subsequent season responses

Delay of early fruitlet abscission by branch girdling in citrus coincides with previous increases in carbohydrate and gibberellin concentrations

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