Controlled release of the drug for osteoporosis from the surface of titanium implants coated with calcium titanate

Abstract

The most popular drugs used to prevent osteoporosis that causes low mineral density and weakened microstructure of bones are bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates can be administered in several ways, but each delivery method has drawbacks. Due to this, new methods of their delivery are being sought. Titanium implants coated with calcium titanate were prepared in this work as carriers for bisphosphonates. Such a modification has been proposed in order to improve the therapeutic properties of the implant. Slow release of the drug at a constant level will positively affect the recovery process and osteointegration. Furthermore, the drug will be slowly released very close to the area affected by osteoporosis. These studies were confirmed, using a variety of methods: EDS and XPS (to examine surface modification and drug sorption), Raman mapping (to proof the presence of the drug on the entire surface of the material) and UV‐VIS spectroscopy (to determine bisphosphonate sorption and release profile). It was proved that the active substance (sorbed on the implant) could be completely released upon contact with body fluids within a month. The obtained results will allow for the production of endoprostheses dedicated to patients with osteoporosis in the future.

Bisphosphonate-incorporated coatings for orthopedic implants functionalization

“… Uncontrolled adsorption and release from the surface. The complete release of BPs (adsorbed onto calcium titanate) upon exposure to bodily fluids has been demonstrated [ 132 ]. Physical Adsorption BPs are adsorbed onto the implant surface via non-covalent interactions, including electrostatic adsorption and hydrophobic interaction.…”

Solid-State Dewetting of Thin Au Films for Surface Functionalization of Biomedical Implants

“…Similarly, the modification of Ti-6Al-4V surfaces with TiO 2 nanotubes and loading them with a gentamicin-VH mixture provides local bactericidal properties against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus accompanied with good in vivo cytocompatibility and osteointegration [13]. Modification of Ti-6Al-4V surface by a calcium titanate layer enables conjugation and steady in vitro release of bisphosphonate drug that prevents osteoporosis [14,15]. An alternative approach to implant functionalization involves the conjugation of anti-infective and/or osteoinductive agents to chemically activated Au NPs [16].…”

Fabrication of gentamicin loaded Col-I/HA multilayers modified titanium coatings for prevention of implant infection

“…The topical sustained drug release system could effectively solve the defects of traditional drug methods with low efficiency and high toxicity. The drug release systems used for surface modification of titanium-based materials include calcium-phosphorus bioactive ceramics and bioactive macromolecules ( Wang et al, 2017 ; Sandomierski et al, 2022 ). As one of the most widely used drug sustained-release carriers, collagen I (Col-I) has excellent biocompatibility, degradability, weak antigenicity ( Liu et al, 2008 ; Li et al, 2018 ; Tripathi et al, 2021 ).…”