Controllable preparation of an eggshell membrane supported hydrogel electrolyte with thickness-dependent electrochemical performance

Abstract

The controllable preparation of eggshell-hydrogels provides a new insight into composite material preparation from bio-waste eggshell membrane in energy devices with thickness-dependent electrochemical performances.

Fabrication of Highly Flexible Hierarchical Polypyrrole/Carbon Nanotube on Eggshell Membranes for Supercapacitors

“…Indeed, in recent years, ESM has been considered as a convenient biotemplate to produce self-standing composites for diverse applications, such as sensors, 25−27 adsorbents for water remediation, 28,29 catalysis, 30−33 fuel cells, 34,35 and batteries. 36,37 Of particular interest to us is their use in SCs as ESM electrodes 38,39 and as separators, both in their in natural 40 or modified 41 forms.…”

“…As a refined and elegant material developed by nature, ESMs exhibit a porous structure constituted by proteins that evolved to play crucial roles in the development of the chicken embryo, such as the protection conferred by the crystallization of CaCO 3 and the critical proviso of adequate gas exchange. , From a material science perspective, this hierarchical structure is a fascinating scaffold for the tailoring of functional nanostructures that could benefit from its good mechanical resistance, flexibility, biodegradability, and porosity and exploit the abundant presence of carboxylic, amino, and hydroxyl functional groups to incorporate active materials. , In addition, one of the most attractive sustainable aspects of using ESM residues is the widespread availability of eggshell as a waste material from which a preformed membrane can be easily recuperated, dispensing the use of special resources for its treatment or preparation. Indeed, in recent years, ESM has been considered as a convenient biotemplate to produce self-standing composites for diverse applications, such as sensors, − adsorbents for water remediation, , catalysis, − fuel cells, , and batteries. , Of particular interest to us is their use in SCs as ESM electrodes , and as separators, both in their in natural or modified forms.…”

Electrochemical performances of activated carbon prepared using eggshell waste

“…The x-intercept at the beginning of the semicircle represents the equivalent series resistance including the electrolyte resistance, contact resistance at the interface between the electroactive material and substrate. The arc for the very high frequency corresponds to the charge transfer limiting process and was ascribed to the double layer capacitances in parallel with the charge transfer resistance at the contact interface between the electrode and electrolyte solution [31]. By comparing BES and CES, the sample BES shows the lowest value of R S and R ct value which indicates higher conductivity and better charge transport of electrolyte ion.…”

Doped photo-crosslinked polyesteramide hydrogels as solid electrolytes for supercapacitors

“…19,20 However, in recent years the utilization of hydrogels based on biopolymers from biomass and/or synthetic biopolymers based on natural constituents is gaining more attention. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] These bio-based solid electrolytes exhibit important advantages, for instance renewability, earth abundancy, lowcost, biodegradability, biocompatibility and/or environmental friendless. Thus, fabrication of bio-based electrolytes contributes to reduce not only the resource consumption but also the enormous electronic garbage after their service lifetime.…”