Electrochemical performances of activated carbon prepared using eggshell waste

Abstract

This paper describes the preparation of activated carbon (Ac) from broiler hen eggshell (BES) and Country hen eggshell (CES) waste with the assistance of chemical activating agent orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and eggshell powder for 4:1 and 4:2 concentrations. XRD analysis affirmed the formation of Ac and the hexagonal structure of CaCO 3 for both BES and CES samples. The average crystalline size, dislocation density, microstrain, lattice parameter, and cell volume values are found to be higher for CES. The FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of functional groups of BES and CES samples of Ac. UV-DRS spectra exhibited strong absorption in the visible region for BES and the bandgap value is found to be around 1.2 eV for both BES and CES. The surface morphology reveals the porous nature, irregular shape and uniform size particles of Ac. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed to study the energy storage application. Though both BES and CES have showed the capacitive behavior, the sample BES exhibit higher specific capacitance of 155.8 F/g is achieved for BES than CES. Similarly, the R s and R ct values are calculated from the impedance measurement and it is found to be lower for BES sample that indicates improved electrical conductivity.

Characterization of Nano-Scale Hydroxyapatite Coating Synthesized from Eggshells Through Hydrothermal Reaction on Commercially Pure Titanium

“…Wu et al [12] reported the successful fabrication of HA from oyster shell powder by solid-state reaction and subsequently heat treatment at 900-1100 • C. Recently, our research group [13] proposed an environmentally beneficial and cost-effective method of preparing HA or tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) bioceramics from eggshell biowaste. The eggshell mainly consisted of a major component, i.e., calcium carbonate (94%), besides calcium phosphate (1%), magnesium carbonate (1%), and organic matter (4%) [14]. It is worth mentioning that the crystal structure and composition of HA prepared from natural sources like eggshells are similar to those of human bones because eggshells notably contain several trace elements (Na, Mg, Sr, etc.).…”

Reinforce the surface properties of domestic garbage activated carbon by low temperature plasma accustomed in energy storage applications

“…The pyrolysis reaction was finished as a result [14] The peak at 2 value was 28.3, which is evidence that this could be the carbon structure of graphite [15]. Its crystalline nature is represented by the peak 2 range at 40.41 [16]. MFPAC that has been plasmatreated gains intensity without altering its nature or structure.…”

Fabrication, Characterization, and Evaluation of Eggshells as a Carrier for Sustainable Slow-Release Multi-Nutrient Fertilizers

“…ICP analysis was carried out using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) (Prodigy XP, Teledyne Leeman). The proximate and physical parameters such as ash content, moisture content, tap density, and bulk density were determined using the standard methods as described by Balasubramanian et al The pH and electrical conductivity of ES and ES-SMF were determined in 1:10 (1 g of material: 10 mL of water) suspension.…”