Control of Polyaniline Deposition on Microporous Cellulose Ester Membranes by in Situ Chemical Polymerization

Abstract

Polyaniline (PANI) can be deposited either on the surface or in the bulk of a microporous membrane by various chemical oxidative polymerization techniques. Each technique has distinctive effects on the PANI site and extent of deposition on the base membrane. In the present study, mixed cellulose ester (ME) membranes with tortuous pore morphology were used as base membranes. The chemical oxidative polymerization techniques employed, included polymerization using an in-house-built two-compartment permeation cell. The resultant composite membranes have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), and electrical conductivity measurements. The results showed that PANI was layered on the pore walls of the membrane using two-compartment permeation cell. Vapor-phase polymerization yielded a surface layer of PANI with little deposition in the bulk. A distorted PANI surface layer was achieved by solution-phase (dip) polymerization. Moreover, asymmetric PANI deposition within the membrane bulk was evidenced using two-compartment permeation cell. Composite membranes synthesized using two-compartment cell showed highest levels of conductivity (approximately 10(-2) S/cm) as compared to the membranes modified by single-step solution-phase polymerization. FTIR-ATR results indicated the extent of PANI coating and its oxidation state which was identified as doped emeraldine PANI, from all the employed techniques. Asymmetric deposition and extent have been explained in terms of the physical and chemical reaction steps involved in the heterogeneous aniline polymerization reactions in the two-compartment cell technique.

Synthesis, characterisation and potential applications of polyaniline/chitosan‐Ag‐nano‐biocomposite

“…It has great advantage in processing and combining the mechanical properties of the conventional polymer and the functional properties of PANI [9]. The most straight forward approaches towards processing polymers include fabricating the composites to films, hydrogels microsphere and fibres [10]. However, high‐environmental stability with low biodegradability gives rise to bioaccumulation of PANI or Ppy which is not sustainable [4, 11, 12].…”

Conductive and electroactive composite paper reinforced by coating of polyaniline on lignocelluloses fibers

“…Polyaniline (PANI) is a well‐known conducting polymer with attractive properties i.e. good environmental stability, high electrical conductivity, and facile synthesizes . PANI has been extensively investigated in different applications such as sensors, biomedical field, electronics, electro chromic devices, energy storage devices, and printed circuit boards .…”

“…good environmental stability, high electrical conductivity, and facile synthesizes. 11 PANI has been extensively investigated in different applications such as sensors, biomedical field, electronics, electro chromic devices, energy storage devices, and printed circuit boards. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] However, applications of PANI for bulk-level are restricted because of poor mechanical properties.…”

A Study on the Morphology, Mechanical, and Electrical Performance of Polyaniline-modified Wood - A Semiconducting Composite Material

“…These characteristics give polyaniline potential within many different applications, including electronic devices, batteries, solar cells, anti-static materials, electric heaters, and even the filtration of heavy metals (Park et al 2004;Ansari 2006;Jafarzadeh et al 2013;Saini and Arora 2013). Because of the poor mechanical properties of ICPs and the difficulties associated with dissolving or melting them, they have often been combined with traditional thermoplastics, such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene, to obtain a suitable balance between conductivity and mechanical performance (Qaiser et al 2009). However, there is still need for improvement in both the electrical and mechanical performance of this class of material.…”