Control of Codling Moth Larvae in Harvested Apples by Methyl Bromide Fumigation and Cold Storage

Morgan, C. V. G.; Gaunce, A. P.; Jong, Chol

doi:10.4039/ent106917-9

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…An earlier era of single tactic control of codling moth by organochlorine insecticides in the 1950s and later organophosphate insecticides required to achieve phytosanitary standards for export led to problems with insecticide resistance [4,5], reduced biodiversity [6], and unwanted residues on fruit [7]. Fumigation of fruit with methyl bromide was also developed as a phytosanitary treatment for certain markets [8]. Concern over the lack of sustainability of these technologies led to research and development of alternatives such as sex pheromones for apple pests [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effects of Mating Disruption, Insecticides, and the Sterile Insect Technique on Cydia pomonella in New Zealand

Horner

Rogers

et al. 2020

Insects

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Codling moth was introduced into New Zealand, and remains a critical pest for the apple industry. Apples exported to some markets require strict phytosanitary measures to eliminate the risk of larval infestation. Mating disruption and insecticide applications are the principal means of suppression in New Zealand. We tested the potential for the sterile insect technique (SIT) to supplement these measures to achieve local eradication or suppression of this pest. SIT was trialed in an isolated group of six integrated fruit production (IFP) orchards and one organic orchard (total 391 ha), using sterilized insects imported from Canada, with release by unmanned aerial vehicle and from the ground. Eradication was not achieved across the region, but a very high level of codling moth suppression was achieved at individual orchards after the introduction of sterile moths in combination with mating disruption and larvicides. After six years of releases, catches of wild codling moths at three IFP orchards (224 ha) were 90–99% lower than in 2013–2014, the year before releases began. Catches at three other IFP orchards (129 ha) decreased by 67–97% from the year before releases began (2015–2016), from lower initial levels. At a certified organic orchard with a higher initial population under only organic larvicides and mating disruption, by 2019–2020, there was an 81% reduction in wild moths capture from 2016–2017, the year before releases began.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effects of Mating Disruption, Insecticides, and the Sterile Insect Technique on Cydia pomonella in New Zealand

Horner

Rogers

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…Previous studies indicate that cold temperatures can be efficacious against codling moth larvae. Morgan et al (1974) reported greater than 67.5% mortality in codling moth larvae infesting 'Delicious' apples when held 5 weeks at 0.5°C RA. Moffitt and Burditt (1989) killed greater than 35,000 codling moth eggs at red-ring stage after 55 d at 2.2°C or less in RA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cold Storage to Control Codling Moth Larvae in Fresh Apples

Hansen¹,

Watkins²,

Heidt³

et al. 2007

hortte

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Codling moth [Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)], found in exported apples (Malus sylvestris), can disrupt international markets. Cold storage at 1.1 °C was examined for possible control of three physiological larval states in ‘Fuji’ apples: diapausing (overwintering), diapause-destined, and nondiapausing. All nondiapausing larvae were dead within 12 weeks, diapaused-destined larvae were controlled by the seventh week, yet more than half of the original populations of diapausing larvae were still alive after 11 weeks. Because the diapaused-destined larvae were younger than the nondiapausing larvae, they may have been more susceptible to cold. Because larvae normally diapause outside the fruit, cold storage would not be applicable for controlling larvae in this state.

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“…Fumigation with methyl bromide at 32 g/m3 for 2 h kills all codling moth larvae in apples (Morgan et al 1974) and cherries (Anthon et al 1975). Lower dosages did not kill all larvae (instars 1-3) in cherries (Anthon et al 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

DOSAGE RESPONSE OF THE STAGES OF CODLING MOTH, LASPEYRESIA POMONELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE), TO FUMIGATION WITH METHYL BROMIDE

et al. 1980

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Probit analysis of the dosage response of codling moth stages to methyl bromide indicated that adults were most, and pupae, least susceptible. Eggs were more resistant than cocooned larvae which were more resistant than larvae in fruit. There were no differences in susceptibility of the larval instars to methyl bromide. The rate recommended to kill larvae in fruit (32 g/m3 for 2 h) also killed eggs.

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Control of Codling Moth Larvae in Harvested Apples by Methyl Bromide Fumigation and Cold Storage

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Combined Effects of Mating Disruption, Insecticides, and the Sterile Insect Technique on Cydia pomonella in New Zealand

Combined Effects of Mating Disruption, Insecticides, and the Sterile Insect Technique on Cydia pomonella in New Zealand

Cold Storage to Control Codling Moth Larvae in Fresh Apples

DOSAGE RESPONSE OF THE STAGES OF CODLING MOTH, LASPEYRESIA POMONELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE), TO FUMIGATION WITH METHYL BROMIDE

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