Control networks and neuromodulators of early development.

Posner, Michael I.; Rothbart, Mary K.; Sheese, Brad E.; Voelker, Pascale

doi:10.1037/a0025530

Cited by 179 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…On the other hand, Posner et al's attention model lies mainly in the articulation between different levels of neural networks activity (genetics, molecular, physiologic and anatomic) and the performance of specific attention anales de psicología, 2014, vol. 30, nº 1 (enero) tasks Posner, Rothbart, Sheese, Voelker, 2012;Rueda, Rothbart, McAndliss, Saccomanno, & Posner, 2005). From another perspective, the EF model proposed by Munakata (2001Munakata ( , 2004 would be based mainly in the modeling of neural networks activity associated to EF.…”

Section: Theoretical and Methodological Difficulties In The Establishmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last three decades, the importance of EF integrity for human adaptation to the environment lead to an increase of researches aimed to understand the origin and development of such processes (Bernier, Carlson, Deschenes, & Matte-Gagné, 2012;Conway & Stifter, 2012;Diamond, 2001Diamond, , 2002Diamond, , 2013McDermott, Westerlund, Zeanah, Nelson, & Fox, 2012;Posner, Rothbart, Sheese, & Voelker, 2012;Welsh, Pennington, & Groisser, 1991). The implementation and expansion of such studies required the establishment of adequate EF tests for its application with children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelos cognitivos del desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas. Limitaciones metodológicas y desafíos teóricos.

2014

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Título: Modelos cognitivos del desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas. Limitaciones metodológicas y desafíos teóricos. Resumen: Las funciones ejecutivas (EF) han sido definidas como una serie de procesos cognitivos de orden superior, que permiten el control del pensamiento, comportamiento y afectividad conforme al logro de una meta. Tales procesos presentan un desarrollo posnatal prolongado, culminando su maduración sobre el final de la adolescencia. En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión de algunos de los principales modelos del desarrollo de las EF en la infancia. El objetivo central de este trabajo es describir el estado del arte respecto de dicho tópico, identificando las principales dificultades teóricas y limitaciones metodológicas asociadas a los diferentes paradigmas propuestos. Finalmente, se señalan algunas de las soluciones sugeridas para afrontar tales dificultades, destacando que el desarrollo de una ontología de las EF podría resultar una alternativa viable para contrarrestar las mismas. Consideramos que futuras investigaciones deberían encaminar sus esfuerzos en esta dirección. Palabras claves: Modelos cognitivos; funciones ejecutivas; desarrollo; ontología. Abstract:Executive functions (EF) have been defined as a series of higher-order cognitive processes which allow the control of thought, behavior and affection according to the achievement of a goal. Such processes present a lengthy postnatal development which matures completely by the end of adolescence. In this article we make a review of some of the main models of EF development during childhood. The aim of this work is to describe the state of the art related to the topic, identifying the main theoretical difficulties and methodological limitations associated with the different proposed paradigms. Finally, some suggestions are given to cope with such difficulties, emphasizing that the development of an ontology of EF could be a viable alternative to counter them. We believe that future researches should guide their efforts toward the development of that ontology.

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Section: Theoretical and Methodological Difficulties In The Establishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelos cognitivos del desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas. Limitaciones metodológicas y desafíos teóricos.

2014

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“…Also, the neurotransmitter dopamine is thought to have a key role in modulating the activation of the EA network. Low levels of dopamine in prefrontal areas of the brain have been related to difficulties in inhibitory control, attention flexibility and conflict resolution [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Development of Executive Attention

Conejero¹,

Rueda²

2017

J Child Adolesc Behav

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Executive attention (EA) encompasses a variety of attention mechanisms implicated in the control of thoughts and behavior. The emergence of EA skills depends on the maturation of frontal brain structures. Evidence in the past years has shown that frontal brain structures related to EA are already functional in the first months of life and first signs of EA can be observed by the second half of the first year of life. Given the importance of EA to a wide range of developmental outcomes (e.g. academic and professional outcomes, socialization, psychological wellbeing, etc.), understanding early stages of development is of great interest for the promotion of EA and the prevention of EA-related deficits over the course of development. Despite its relevance, relatively little is known about the development of EA before the preschool years. This paper aims at providing a selective review of the existing literature about the early development of EA. We present the principal measures of EA for infants and toddlers available to date. We also review main findings on behavioral as well as brain mechanisms of EA in infancy and toddlerhood. Finally, we summarize research on early indicators of EA and its implication for the early detection of some developmental disorders.

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“…For example, a central attention system or a "central executive system" has been prosed as a core component in some models of EF (Baddeley 1986;Posner et al 2012). The general role of attention in these theories is to filter and prioritize information processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent Dimensions of Executive Functions in Early Childhood

Decker

Ezrine

Ferraracci

2016

J Pediatr Neuropsychol

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Executive functions (EF) are known to be a multidimensional construct in adults; however, the underlying dimensions of EF in early childhood are unclear. Theoretical models of EF have generally suggested the importance of language, attention, and inhibition abilities as developmental foundations for EF abilities. This study investigated the construct validity of EF by administering a diverse battery of measures of EF along with cognitive measures representing different theoretical models of EF (language, attention, and inhibition) to 70 preschool children. The EF battery included measures of working memory (verbal and nonverbal), set shifting, and problem solving. A maximum likelihood factor analysis with oblimin rotation resulted in a three factor model; however, only two factors (language and inhibition) were related to EF measures. Results from the current study suggest language and behavioral inhibition are two foundational latent abilities for the development of EF abilities in early childhood. Attention, although important in many EF theories, may also be important for cognitive development but appears to be less important for EF abilities in preschool children. Results from this study suggest executive functions in early childhood consist of multiple distinct but interrelated components that are associated with underlying cognitive foundations.

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Control networks and neuromodulators of early development.

Cited by 179 publications

References 51 publications

Modelos cognitivos del desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas. Limitaciones metodológicas y desafíos teóricos.

Modelos cognitivos del desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas. Limitaciones metodológicas y desafíos teóricos.

Early Development of Executive Attention

Latent Dimensions of Executive Functions in Early Childhood

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