Contrasting effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on soil nitrous oxide fluxes and enzyme activities in an alpine wetland of the Tibetan Plateau

Zhang, Yunyun; Wang, Chunmei; Li, Yun

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216244

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Interestingly, we found significant decreases in 16S rRNA, nirK, and nirS gene abundance after P additions, which was correlated with the reductions in NO -3 -N (Figure 2B). The decrease in NO -3 -N after P additions could be due to (1) the inhibition of nitrification as our previous work suggested (Chen et al, 2022), and (2) the stimulated plant N uptake after P limitation was eliminated (Zhang Y. et al, 2019). This result suggested that the mechanism underlying P addition on bacterial abundance could be associated with the reduction of N substrates for bacterial growth, which is quite different from that of N addition as discussed above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Soil bacteria are more sensitive than fungi in response to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment

et al. 2022

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Anthropogenic activities have dramatically increased nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) enrichments in terrestrial ecosystems. However, it is still unclear on how bacterial and fungal communities would respond to the simultaneously increased N and P enrichment. In this study, we used a field experiment to simulate N and P input, and examined the effects of N and P additions on the abundance, alpha-diversity, and community composition of soil bacteria and fungi in a riparian forest. Six nutrient-addition treatments, including low N (30 kg N ha–1 year–1), high N (150 kg N ha –1 year–1), low P (30 kg P2O5 ha–1 year–1), high P (150 kg P2O5 ha –1 year–1), low N+P, high N+P, and a control (CK) treatment were set up. We found that the N and P additions significantly affected bacterial abundance, community composition, but not the alpha diversity. Specifically, 16S, nirK, and nirS gene copy numbers were significantly reduced after N and P additions, which were correlated with decreases in soil pH and NO-3-N, respectively; Co-additions of N and P showed significantly antagonistic interactions on bacterial gene copies; Nutrient additions significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria while reduced the relative abundance of Chloroflexi. Mantel’s test showed that the alteration in bacterial composition was associated with the changes in soil pH and NO-3-N. The nutrient additions did not show significant effects on fungal gene copy numbers, alpha diversity, and community composition, which could be due to non-significant alterations in soil C/N and total P concentration. In conclusion, our results suggest that soil bacteria are more sensitive than fungi in response to N and P enrichment; the alterations in soil pH and NO-3-N explain the effects of N and P enrichment on bacterial communities, respectively; and the co-addition of N and P reduces the negative effects of these two nutrients addition in alone. These findings improve our understanding of microbial response to N and P addition, especially in the context of simultaneous enrichment of anthropogenic nutrient inputs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Soil bacteria are more sensitive than fungi in response to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment

et al. 2022

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“…Therefore, ICL-F1 can be considered a mitigation system to decrease 1.62 kg N 2 O ha −1 in relation to CC-F2 over a period of 603 days. Some studies showed that the P application reduced N 2 O emissions, stimulating the N uptake by increased plant growth and nutrient uptake [26,27,55,58]. This suggestion was confirmed by the observation that the P application reduced the N 2 O emissions from Acacia mangium [28].…”

Section: Agriculture Systems Soil Fertility and N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Long-Term Integrated Crop–Livestock System with Two Levels of P and K Fertilization

Carvalho

Ramos

Marchão

et al. 2022

Land

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions resulting from nitrogen (N) fertilization have been documented. However, no data on the effects of other nutrients, such as phosphate (P) and potassium (K), on N2O emissions in integrated crop–livestock systems are available so far. In the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 growing seasons, we measured N2O emissions from a long-term system, established in 1991 in the Cerrado biome (a tropical savanna ecoregion in Brazil), fertilized with two P and K levels. The studied no-tillage farming systems consisted of continuous crops fertilized with half of the recommended P and K rates (CC-F1), continuous crops at the recommended P and K rates (CC-F2), an integrated crop–livestock system with half of the recommended P and K rates (ICL-F1), and an integrated crop–livestock at the recommended P and K rates (ICL-F2). The cumulative N2O emissions (603 days) and soil chemical properties were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial design (long-term agricultural systems x fertilization). The cumulative N2O emissions from CC-F2 and ICL-F1 were 2.74 and 1.12 kg N ha−1, respectively. The yield-scaled N2O emissions from soybean were 55.5% lower from ICL-F1 than from CC-F2 in the 2015/2016 growing season. For off-season sorghum, the mean yield-scaled N2O emissions were 216 mg N2O m−2 kg−1 (in a range from 79.83 to 363.52 mg N2O m−2 kg−1, for ICL-F2 and CC-F1, respectively). The absence of pasture and the presence of soybean and sorghum promoted the highest cumulative N2O emissions, favored by the recommended rate in relation to half of the P and K. In the total evaluation period (603 days), the presence of grazed land in the years prior to this study and land fertilized with half the recommended P and K rates in an integrated crop–livestock system reduced the resulting cumulative N2O emissions by 59%. Thus, we conclude that crop–livestock systems can be beneficial in reducing P and K applications and also in mitigating N2O emissions in comparison with continuous cropping systems fertilized with the full recommended P and K rates. In view of the global fertilizer crisis, this aspect is extremely relevant for agriculture in Brazil and around the world.

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“…The soil phosphatase activity was determined by colorimetric method using sodium benzene phosphate. The activity of sucrase was determined by a colorimetric method using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid and catalase activity was determined by potassium permanganate titration method [11].…”

Section: Determination Of Enzymatic Activity Of Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Sour Jujube Seedlings in Different Substrate Formulations

et al. 2023

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The raising of container seedlings with light substrates has become an important method of seedling raising, without delaying the seedling period. In order to reduce reliance on non-renewable peat and to promote the reuse of organic waste, this study compared the growth of sour jujube seedlings in different substrate formulations (i.e., different proportions of vermicompost instead of peat), using a semi-subterranean placement of root control bags, and explored the application of vermicompost in the raising of sour jujube seedlings. The results showed that there were significant differences in the growth and the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of sour jujube seedlings treated with different substrates, among which substrates A2 (peat: vermicompost: vermiculite: garden soil = 0.5:0.5:1:1) and A3 (peat: vermiculite: garden soil = 1:2:1) were suitable for sour jujube seedling raising. The seedling height, the seedling ground diameter, the number of secondary branches, the length of the longest secondary branch, the total fresh weight, the aboveground fresh weight, the total root length, the root projection area, and the root surface area were all significantly greater than those of jujube seedlings grown on other substrates. Especially in A3, vermicompost can replace peat as the nursery substrate for sour jujube seedlings, removing dependence on non-renewable peat resources, reducing costs, and providing more prospects for application. The suitable substrate conditions for sour jujube seedlings were as follows: soil porosity 44.0–54.0%, electric conductivity (EC) value 0.2 mS/cm, organic matter 40.39~54.05 g·kg−1, total nitrogen and total phosphorus of 1.67~1.91 g·kg−1 and 0.95~1.20 g·kg−1, respectively, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen 139.75~154.69 mg·kg−1, and available phosphorus 137~224 mg·kg−1.

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Contrasting effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on soil nitrous oxide fluxes and enzyme activities in an alpine wetland of the Tibetan Plateau

Cited by 8 publications

References 43 publications

Soil bacteria are more sensitive than fungi in response to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment

Soil bacteria are more sensitive than fungi in response to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Long-Term Integrated Crop–Livestock System with Two Levels of P and K Fertilization

Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Sour Jujube Seedlings in Different Substrate Formulations

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