“…It enables franchisees to benefit from the franchisor's brand name capital, training and support (Carney and Gedajlovic, 1991;Lafontaine et al, 2019;Norton, 1988). In return, franchisees make an upfront investment for the rights to the franchise, thereby creating an economic incentive to stay in the franchisor-franchisee relationship (Meek et al, 2011;Mignonac et al, 2015;Perdreau et al, 2018). Although there are shorter franchise agreements, franchise contracts are typically set to cover 10-to 20-year periods (Clarkin, 2008;Dant et al, 2011), yet many franchisor-franchisee relationships do not reach contract maturity date, not to even mention having franchise agreement renewals (Grünhagen et al, 2017;López-Bayón and López-Fernández, 2016).…”