Continuing education in the prevention and control of HPAI: a case study on Indonesia

Abstract

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 is now endemic in large parts of Indonesia and this situation has revealed, among other constraints, a lack of human resource capacity in many institutions especially in terms of understanding of, and experience in, the control of poultry diseases. Cost-efficient prevention and control of HPAI must be built on a sustainable poultry health programme that incorporates collaborative research and development activities involving the public and private sectors. The programme should provide appropriate education, communication and services to: all poultry producers, workers and traders; community animal health workers; field veterinarians, livestock officers and extension workers; and senior-decision makers at national, provincial and district levels. Lessons learnt in the production of effective education and communication materials that are readily accessible to each target audience are described.

Application of loop analysis for the qualitative assessment of surveillance and control in veterinary epidemiology

“…Indeed, according to the results of the model, the scenario in Figure 4C allows for the best optimization of the system’s efficiency. This underlines the importance of training local stakeholders, specifically to control avian diseases at their level, and also supports the conclusions of other studies that have shown the importance of involving local stakeholders in the improvement of the efficiency of systems of surveillance and control of HPAI H5N1 [36], and animal diseases more widely [37]. …”

An evaluation of biosecurity compliance levels and assessment of associated risk factors for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 infection of live-bird-markets, Nigeria and Egypt

“…In view of the fact that the LBMs systems' adherence to compensation mechanism for culled birds was poorly implemented in both countries, it is recommended that a carefully structured compensation system with regular options for review should be in place in African countries. It has been confirmed that compensation encourages cooperation of LBM operators and other role players and supports voluntary reportage of outbreaks (Alders et al, 2009;Hunter et al, 2014). To reduce financial losses, the LBM operators will rapidly sell sick poultry with implications for transmission of infection.…”

Understanding the Motivation of Western Java Smallholder Broiler Farmers to Uptake Measures Against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI)

“…Informational instruments, such as providing practical information, could increase the internal motivation of farmers to perform specific behaviors [( 32 ), p. 118]. To increase the adoption of HPAI control measures, practical information should be suited to the local context and promote financial benefits from implementation [( 33 ), p. 530; ( 34 ), p. 11–12]. Training programs about prevention and control of HPAI, can be used by the government to increase the knowledge and awareness about HPAI and measures to control it.…”