1987
DOI: 10.1016/0304-422x(87)90024-6
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Construing constructivism

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Cited by 30 publications
(5 citation statements)
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References 82 publications
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“…Even though tasks that require students to write about texts are ubiquitous at all levels of schooling and assessment, reading and writing historically have, for the most part, been separated within U.S. education (Fitzgerald & Shanahan, 2000;Langer & Flihan, 2000;Nelson, 2008;Nelson & Calfee, 1998;Spivey, 1987). Nelson and Calfee described this separation as a dominant feature of elementary and secondary education since colonial times.…”
Section: Theoretical Foundationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Even though tasks that require students to write about texts are ubiquitous at all levels of schooling and assessment, reading and writing historically have, for the most part, been separated within U.S. education (Fitzgerald & Shanahan, 2000;Langer & Flihan, 2000;Nelson, 2008;Nelson & Calfee, 1998;Spivey, 1987). Nelson and Calfee described this separation as a dominant feature of elementary and secondary education since colonial times.…”
Section: Theoretical Foundationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the 1970s, the cognitivist-constructivist revolution began to interrupt the behaviorist-transmissionist tradition (Fitzgerald & Shanahan, 2000;Langer & Flihan, 2000;Nelson, 2008;Nelson & Calfee, 1998;Spivey, 1987Spivey, , 1990Spivey, , 2007Spivey & King, 1994), which has allowed closer connections, both epistemological and pedagogical, between reading and writing to evolve. The development of reading and writing is no longer seen as strictly sequential, nor are reading and writing considered separate (see Shanahan, 2006).…”
Section: Theoretical Foundationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…As readers progress through the text, they connect the written words with their existing knowledge, making inferences and developing a deeper understanding. Texts that are overly challenging due to inappropriate reading ease levels can lead to frustration, confusion, and disengagement, hindering the reading process (Spivey, 1989).…”
Section: Level Of Reading Easementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ez integráló, szintetizáló cselekvéssorozat. Spivey (1987) kiemeli, hogy a diskurzusszintézis alkotó folyamataiban az írónak válogatnia, összekapcsolnia és rendszereznie kell a korábbi szövegekben található információkat, hogy új szöveget tudjon létrehozni. Ehhez ki kell emelnie egyes részeket a felhasználni kívánt szövegekből, és újraalkotva beemelnie saját gondolatmenetébe, ami a korábbi szövegektől eltérő szövegstruktúrát fog eredményezni (Segev-Miller, 2007).…”
Section: A Vizsgálat Szakirodalmi Háttere: Az íRás Folyamatosságát Beunclassified