“…Models of protective preconditioning have been used well to increase our understanding of innate protective stress responses in retina (Roth et al 1998; Li et al 2001; Grimm et al 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006; Li et al 2003; Zhu et al 2006, 2007, 2008; Chollangi et al 2009; Thiersch et al 2009; Ueki et al 2009; Gidday 2010; Grimm and Willmann 2012; Zhu et al 2012; McLaughlin and Gidday 2013); such approaches are revealing several exciting potential therapeutic targets. In the case of exercise, though, it may be that this form of preconditioning, which is accessible to the majority of the population, is itself a therapeutic intervention.…”