Constitutive modeling and microstructure research on the deformation mechanism of Ti-6Al-4V alloy under hot forming condition

Gao, Song; Sang, Ye; Li, Qihan; Ying-li, Sun; Wu, Yuhang; Wang, Haoran

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.162128

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For two-phase titanium alloys, β-Ti phase frequently has a lower thermal stability than α-Ti phase, and is thus DRXed easier than α-Ti phase. For example, other previous investigations on TC4 alloy reported that β-Ti phase was DRXed earlier than α-Ti phase during hot deformation at 650 °C and 700 °C, and β-Ti phase had a larger volume fraction than α-Ti phase in DRXed microstructure [29,30].…”

Section: Change Of Microstructural and Hardness In Subsurfacesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The parameters l b and A n could be regarded as approximate constants. Similarly, K mp can also be considered as an approximate constant for TC21 alloy, since the thermal conductivity of two-phase titanium alloy like TC4 alloy lies in a thin range of 6.9-8.6 W mK −1 at temperatures between room temperature and 250 °C [29]. The coefficient of friction μ of TC21 alloy fluctuated around 0.40, it also can be thought as a constant.…”

Section: T T Fvlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dry wear characteristics of TC21 titanium alloy at elevated temperatures

Chen

Sun²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Mater. Res. Express

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TC21 alloy is a new type of high damage tolerance titanium-based alloy, but its elevated-temperature wear characteristics such as wear mechanism and wear transition are still unknown. In present study, dry wear tests of TC21 alloy were carried out at experimental temperatures of 20-300oC under various applied loads. Volumetric wear rate was plotted against experimental temperature under each applied load to exhibit its variation trend and mild-severe wear transition. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine worn surface morphologies. Confocal scanning laser microcopy and Vickers microhardness tester were utilized for characterizing the friction-affected microstructure and mechanical property in the subsurfaces. Four wear mechanisms, namely abrasion, adhesion, mild surface deformation and severe surface deformation, were observed. Severe surface deformation was found responsible for severe wear behavior, and it was aroused by the near-surface softening originating from dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The severe wear transition temperature was found to be decreased linearly with increasing applied load. By linearly fitting the relation between applied load and transition temperature, a critical surface temperature of 399.4oC for severe wear transition is estimated, and it is further deduced to be the critical temperature for DRX realization of surface material during sliding.

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Section: Change Of Microstructural and Hardness In Subsurfacesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: T T Fvlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry wear characteristics of TC21 titanium alloy at elevated temperatures

Chen

Sun²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Mater. Res. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, it has been implemented in finite element simulation software packages for the prediction of flow stress in severe conditions such as elevated temperatures and high strain rates, as well as to optimize hot working parameters during hot deformation. The JC model has been commonly used for different materials such as nickel-based [ 48 , 49 ], iron-based [ 30 , 50 ], aluminum-based [ 51 , 52 , 53 ], magnesium-based [ 54 , 55 , 56 ], and titanium-based [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ] alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Prediction of the Flow Behavior of Metals and Alloys at a Wide Range of Temperatures and Strain Rates Using Johnson–Cook and Modified Johnson–Cook-Based Models: A Review

et al. 2023

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This paper reviews the flow behavior and mathematical modeling of various metals and alloys at a wide range of temperatures and strain rates. Furthermore, it discusses the effects of strain rate and temperature on flow behavior. Johnson–Cook is a strong phenomenological model that has been used extensively for predictions of the flow behaviors of metals and alloys. It has been implemented in finite element software packages to optimize strain, strain rate, and temperature as well as to simulate real behaviors in severe conditions. Thus, this work will discuss and critically review the well-proven Johnson–Cook and modified Johnson–Cook-based models. The latest model modifications, along with their strengths and limitations, are introduced and compared. The coupling effect between flow parameters is also presented and discussed. The various methods and techniques used for the determination of model constants are highlighted and discussed. Finally, future research directions for the mathematical modeling of flow behavior are provided.

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“…The relationship between the mechanical properties, phase transformation and grain size evolution of titanium alloys at different heating temperatures has been studied [ 13 , 14 ]. Compared to the extensive research on the forming temperature, studies on the heating rate effect on the hot forming of titanium alloy sheets are limited to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heating on Hot Deformation and Microstructural Evolution of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy

Zhu

et al. 2023

Materials

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This paper presents a systematic study of heating effects on the hot deformation and microstructure of dual-phase titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) under hot forming conditions. Firstly, hot flow behaviors of TC4 were characterized by conducting tensile tests at different heating temperatures ranging from 850 °C to 950 °C and heating rates ranging from 1 to 100 °C/s. Microstructure analysis, including phase and grain size, was carried out under the different heating conditions using SEM and EBSD. The results showed that when the heating temperature was lower than 900 °C, a lower heating rate could promote a larger degree of phase transformation from α to β, thus reducing the flow stress and improving the ductility. When the temperature reached 950 °C, a large heating rate effectively inhibited the grain growth and enhanced the formability. Subsequently, according to the mechanism of phase transformation during heating, a phenomenological phase model was established to predict the evolution of the phase volume fraction at different heating parameters with an error of 5.17%. Finally, a specific resistance heating device incorporated with an air-cooling set-up was designed and manufactured to deform TC4 at different heating parameters to determine its post-form strength. Particularly, the yield strength at the temperature range from 800 °C to 900 °C and the heating rate range from 30 to 100 °C/s were obtained. The results showed that the yield strength generally increased with the increase of heating temperature and the decrease of heating rate, which was believed to be dominated by the phase transformation.

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Constitutive modeling and microstructure research on the deformation mechanism of Ti-6Al-4V alloy under hot forming condition

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

Dry wear characteristics of TC21 titanium alloy at elevated temperatures

Dry wear characteristics of TC21 titanium alloy at elevated temperatures

On the Prediction of the Flow Behavior of Metals and Alloys at a Wide Range of Temperatures and Strain Rates Using Johnson–Cook and Modified Johnson–Cook-Based Models: A Review

Effect of Heating on Hot Deformation and Microstructural Evolution of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy

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