Consequences of Obesity on the Sense of Taste: Taste Buds as Treatment Targets?

Rohde, Kerstin; Schamarek, Imke; Blüher, Matthias

doi:10.4093/dmj.2020.0058

Cited by 46 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…Obesity is a complex disease that is driven by a combination of several genetic and lifestyle factors including excess consumption of calorie-rich diets and sedentary behaviour [35]. There is growing evidence that diet-induced obesity can alter the oral gustatory pathways, thus affecting nutritional intake and further exacerbating the condition [22,[36][37][38]. Though several system-wide studies have investigated the effects of HFD consumption on whole body metabolism, none have reported on any associated changes occurring in the orosensory pathways [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Western Diet Induced Remodelling of the Tongue Proteome

Dutt

Molendijk

et al. 2021

Proteomes

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The tongue is a heavily innervated and vascularized striated muscle that plays an important role in vocalization, swallowing and digestion. The surface of the tongue is lined with papillae which contain gustatory cells expressing various taste receptors. There is growing evidence to suggest that our perceptions of taste and food preference are remodelled following chronic consumption of Western diets rich in carbohydrate and fats. Our sensitivity to taste and also to metabolising Western diets may be a key factor in the rising prevalence of obesity; however, a systems-wide analysis of the tongue is lacking. Here, we defined the proteomic landscape of the mouse tongue and quantified changes following chronic consumption of a chow or Western diet enriched in lipid, fructose and cholesterol for 7 months. We observed a dramatic remodelling of the tongue proteome including proteins that regulate fatty acid and mitochondrial metabolism. Furthermore, the expressions of several receptors, metabolic enzymes and hormones were differentially regulated, and are likely to provide novel therapeutic targets to alter taste perception and food preference to combat obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Western Diet Induced Remodelling of the Tongue Proteome

Dutt

Molendijk

et al. 2021

Proteomes

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“…In fact studies of calorie restriction-induced weight loss and bariatric surgery in humans have suggested that taste alterations and food preferences are reversible and consequently may represent secondary effects of obesity [60][61][62][63][64]. However, the possibility cannot be ruled out that other factors than weight loss per se, such as reward value and gut-brain-interactions, drive the observed modifications in taste perception [65]. Furthermore, some studies that considered obese individuals after bariatric surgery also reported a lower intake and liking of high-fat and sweet foods [66].…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Preferences and Obesity

Spinelli

Monteleone

2021

Endocrinol Metab

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Obesity is a multifactorial disease with several potential causes that remain incompletely understood. Recent changes in the environment, which has become increasingly obesogenic, have been found to interact with individual factors. Evidence of the role of taste responsiveness and food preference in obesity has been reported, pointing to a lower taste sensitivity and a higher preference and intake of fat and, to a lesser extent, sweet foods in obese people. Studies in the last decades have also suggested that individual differences in the neurophysiology of food reward may lead to overeating, contributing to obesity. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings. In fact, only a limited number of studies has been conducted on large samples, and several studies were conducted only on women. Larger balanced studies in terms of sex/gender and age are required in order to control the confounding effect of these variables. As many factors are intertwined in obesity, a multidisciplinary approach is needed. This will allow a better understanding of taste alteration and food behaviours in obese people in order to design more effective strategies to promote healthier eating and to prevent obesity and the related chronic disease risks.

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“…Angiotensin inhibits salty taste and enhances sweet taste sensitivities [ 57 ] while leptin selectively suppresses neural and behavioral responses to sweet taste [ 58 ]. Various research groups have tried to define the expression patterns and roles in taste perception of the hormones, which are well described in other review articles [ 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Hormonal Effects On Taste Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Understanding Peripheral Taste Decoding I: 2010 to 2020

et al. 2021

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Taste sensation is the gatekeeper for direct decisions on feeding behavior and evaluating the quality of food. Nutritious and beneficial substances such as sugars and amino acids are represented by sweet and umami tastes, respectively, whereas noxious substances and toxins by bitter or sour tastes. Essential electrolytes including Na + and other ions are recognized by the salty taste. Gustatory information is initially generated by taste buds in the oral cavity, projected into the central nervous system, and finally processed to provide input signals for food recognition, regulation of metabolism and physiology, and higher-order brain functions such as learning and memory, emotion, and reward. Therefore, understanding the peripheral taste system is fundamental for the development of technologies to regulate the endocrine system and improve whole-body metabolism. In this review article, we introduce previous widely-accepted views on the physiology and genetics of peripheral taste cells and primary gustatory neurons, and discuss key findings from the past decade that have raised novel questions or solved previously raised questions.

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Consequences of Obesity on the Sense of Taste: Taste Buds as Treatment Targets?

Cited by 46 publications

References 173 publications

Western Diet Induced Remodelling of the Tongue Proteome

Western Diet Induced Remodelling of the Tongue Proteome

Food Preferences and Obesity

Recent Advances in Understanding Peripheral Taste Decoding I: 2010 to 2020

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