Food Preferences and Obesity

Spinelli, Sara; Monteleone, Erminio

doi:10.3803/enm.2021.105

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…A preference for fat and sugar [ 203 , 204 ] and reduced taste perception [ 205 , 206 ] (reversible by weight loss [ 207 ]) are also found in overweight humans. However, the cause–effect relationship between these associations is mostly unclear [ 208 ].…”

Section: Relevance Of Findings In D Melanogaster F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotyping of Drosophila Melanogaster—A Nutritional Perspective

et al. 2022

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The model organism Drosophila melanogaster was increasingly applied in nutrition research in recent years. A range of methods are available for the phenotyping of D. melanogaster, which are outlined in the first part of this review. The methods include determinations of body weight, body composition, food intake, lifespan, locomotor activity, reproductive capacity and stress tolerance. In the second part, the practical application of the phenotyping of flies is demonstrated via a discussion of obese phenotypes in response to high-sugar diet (HSD) and high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. HSD feeding and HFD feeding are dietary interventions that lead to an increase in fat storage and affect carbohydrate-insulin homeostasis, lifespan, locomotor activity, reproductive capacity and stress tolerance. Furthermore, studies regarding the impacts of HSD and HFD on the transcriptome and metabolome of D. melanogaster are important for relating phenotypic changes to underlying molecular mechanisms. Overall, D. melanogaster was demonstrated to be a valuable model organism with which to examine the pathogeneses and underlying molecular mechanisms of common chronic metabolic diseases in a nutritional context.

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Section: Relevance Of Findings In D Melanogaster F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotyping of Drosophila Melanogaster—A Nutritional Perspective

et al. 2022

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“…Over the past few decades, the main factor contributing to the development of obesity has been overeating [1]. The preference for palatable, high-calorie food induces overeating and contributes to the epidemic prevalence of obesity [2,3]. In this regard, it is of particular interest to search for drugs that not only correct metabolic disorders associated with obesity but also shift taste preferences toward food products with a balanced composition of macronutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Same Metabolic Response to FGF21 Administration in Male and Female Obese Mice Is Accompanied by Sex-Specific Changes in Adipose Tissue Gene Expression

Макарова

Kazantseva

Dubinina

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The preference for high-calorie foods depends on sex and contributes to obesity development. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) beneficially affects taste preferences and obesity, but its action has mainly been studied in males. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of FGF21 on food preferences and glucose and lipid metabolism in C57Bl/6J male and female mice with diet-induced obesity. Mice were injected with FGF21 or vehicle for 7 days. Body weight, choice between standard (SD) and high-fat (HFD) diets, blood parameters, and gene expression in white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissues, liver, muscles, and the hypothalamus were assessed. Compared to males, females had a greater preference for HFD; less WAT; lower levels of cholesterol, glucose, and insulin; and higher expression of Fgf21, Insr, Ppara, Pgc1, Acca and Accb in the liver and Dio2 in BAT. FGF21 administration decreased adiposity; blood levels of cholesterol, glucose, and insulin; hypothalamic Agrp expression, increased SD intake, decreased HFD intake independently of sex, and increased WAT expression of Pparg, Lpl and Lipe only in females. Thus, FGF21 administration beneficially affected mice of both sexes despite obesity-associated sex differences in metabolic characteristics, and it induced female-specific activation of gene expression in WAT.

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“…Nowadays, one of the main causes of the widespread occurrence of obesity and conditions associated therewith is the consumption of high-calorie food (Astrup et al, 2008). The choice of food considerably depends on taste preferences (Duffy et al, 2009), and the preference to palatable fatty and sweet (obesogenic) food contributes to the epidemic prevalence of obesity (May, Dus, 2021;Spinelli et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of leptin administration to pregnant female mice on obesity development, taste preferences, and gene expression in the liver and muscles of their male and female offspring

2021

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The consumption of food rich in sugar and fat provokes obesity. Prenatal conditions have an impact on taste preferences and metabolism in the adult offspring, and this impact may manifest differently in different sexes. An increase in blood leptin level in pregnant females reduces the risk of obesity and insulin resistance in the offspring, although the mechanisms mediating this effect are unknown. Neither is it known whether maternal leptin affects taste preferences. In this study, we investigated the effect of leptin administration to pregnant mice on the development of diet-induced obesity, food choice, and gene expression in the liver and muscles of the offspring with regard to sex. Leptin was administered to female mice on days 11, 12, and 13 of pregnancy. In male and female offspring, growth rate and intake of standard chow after weaning, obesity development, gene expression in the liver and muscles, and food choice when kept on a high-calorie diet (standard chow, lard, sweet cookies) were recorded. Leptin administration to pregnant females reduced body weight in the female offspring fed on the standard diet. When the offspring were given a high-calorie diet, leptin administration inhibited obesity development and reduced the consumption of cookies only in males. It also increased the consumption of standard chow and the mRNA levels of genes for the insulin receptor and glucose transporter type 4 in the muscles of both male and female offspring. The results demonstrate that an increase in blood leptin levels in pregnant females has a sex-specific effect on the metabolism of the offspring increasing resistance to obesity only in male offspring. The mechanism underlying this effect includes a shift in food preference in favor of a balanced diet and maintenance of insulin sensitivity in muscle tissues.

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Food Preferences and Obesity

Cited by 29 publications

References 91 publications

Phenotyping of Drosophila Melanogaster—A Nutritional Perspective

Phenotyping of Drosophila Melanogaster—A Nutritional Perspective

The Same Metabolic Response to FGF21 Administration in Male and Female Obese Mice Is Accompanied by Sex-Specific Changes in Adipose Tissue Gene Expression

Influence of leptin administration to pregnant female mice on obesity development, taste preferences, and gene expression in the liver and muscles of their male and female offspring

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