Consequences of multiple flower–insect interactions for subsequent plant–insect interactions and plant reproduction

Gorden, Nicole L. Soper; Adler, Lynn S.

doi:10.1002/ajb2.1182

Cited by 9 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Herbivore-induced changes can increase the attraction of pollinators [8,65,66], potentially via changes in floral volatile emission [67]. An increased attraction of pollinators can increase reproductive output [67,68], but not necessarily [65], and this likely depends on conditions such as pollen and resource limitations.…”

Section: Adaptiveness Of Floral Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increased attraction of pollinators can increase reproductive output [67,68], but not necessarily [65], and this likely depends on conditions such as pollen and resource limitations. Herbivore-induced changes can lead to increased resistance to florivores, seed predators, and nectar thieves [66,69], by changes in flower chemistry [7,37,70,71]. Leaf-herbivore-induced resistance to seed predators benefits plants of Oenothera biennis by reducing seed predation to a large extent, whereas leaf herbivory itself had little impact on reproductive output [37].…”

Section: Adaptiveness Of Floral Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flower visitors that respond to herbivore-induced changes in flower traits, so-called receivers, can become inducers themselves when their activities induce additional changes in flower traits (Figure 3). Such flower-visitor-induced changes in flower traits can subsequently affect other flower visitors [12][13][14][15][16]66], and even feedback to leaf herbivores [69]. Changes in flower phenotype in response to each interacting flower visitor will result in multiple linked indirect interaction units, where one interaction unit comprises an inducer, the mediator (the flower(s)), and a receiver ( Figure 3) [92].…”

Section: Consequences For Flower-associated Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecology of Plastic Flowers

Rusman

Lucas‐Barbosa

Poelman

et al. 2019

Trends in Plant Science

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Plant phenotypic plasticity in response to herbivore attack includes changes in flower traits. Such herbivore-induced changes in flower traits have consequences for interactions with flower visitors. Here, we synthesize current knowledge on the specificity of herbivore-induced changes in flower traits, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the ecological consequences for flower-associated communities. Herbivore-induced changes in flower traits seem to be to a large extent herbivore-species-specific. The extensive plasticity observed in flowers influences a highly connected web of interactions within the flower-associated community. We argue that the adaptive value of herbivore-induced plant responses and flower plasticity can only be fully understood from a community perspective, rather than from pairwise interactions. Flowers and their environment The angiosperms, which comprise the majority of plant species, are characterized by an incredible diversity in flowers that range from the tiny millimetre-long flowers of duckweed (Lemna minor) to the giant meter-wide corpse flower (Rafflesia arnoldi) [1, 2]. The diversity of

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Section: Adaptiveness Of Floral Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adaptiveness Of Floral Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consequences For Flower-associated Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecology of Plastic Flowers

Rusman

Lucas‐Barbosa

Poelman

et al. 2019

Trends in Plant Science

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“…This suggests that antagonist–antagonist interactions are not limited by the dependence of antagonists on resource quantity (Rusman et al, ). Herbivory affects flower quantity and quality differently (Hoffmeister et al, ; Rusman, Poelman, et al, ), and mutualists and antagonists have contrasting effects on plant reproduction (Grass, Bohle, Tscharntke, & Westphal, ; Soper Gorden & Adler, ). Therefore, variable importance of resource quantity and quality for mutualists and antagonists is likely important for indirect plant fitness consequences of herbivory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can have consequences for plant‐mediated interactions (Chrétien et al, ; Soler et al, ; Stam, Chrétien, Dicke, & Poelman, ; Stam et al, ) and plant seed production (Stam et al, ). Ontogenetic variation in networks of indirect plant‐mediated interactions includes these complex interactive effects on plant fitness (Poelman & Kessler, ; Rusman et al, ; Soper Gorden & Adler, ; Stam et al, ). Taken together, variation in direct and indirect consequences of herbivory during plant ontogeny likely imposes selection pressures that drive the evolution of plant defence ontogenetic trajectories (Barton & Boege, ; Ochoa‐López et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant ontogeny determines strength and associated plant fitness consequences of plant‐mediated interactions between herbivores and flower visitors

et al. 2020

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1. Plants show ontogenetic variation in growth-defence strategies to maximize reproductive output within a community context. Most work on plant ontogenetic variation in growth-defence trade-offs has focussed on interactions with antagonistic insect herbivores. Plants respond to herbivore attack with phenotypic changes. Despite the knowledge that plant responses to herbivory affect plant mutualistic interactions with pollinators required for reproduction, indirect interactions between herbivores and pollinators have not been included in the evaluation of how ontogenetic growth-defence trajectories affect plant fitness. 2. In a common garden experiment with the annual Brassica nigra, we investigated whether exposure to various herbivore species on different plant ontogenetic stages (vegetative, bud or flowering stage) affects plant flowering traits, interactions with flower visitors and results in fitness consequences for the plant. 3. Effects of herbivory on flowering plant traits and interactions with flower visitors depended on plant ontogeny. Plant exposure in the vegetative stage to the caterpillar Pieris brassicae and aphid Brevicoryne brassicae led to reduced flowering time and flower production, and resulted in reduced pollinator attraction, pollen beetle colonization, total seed production and seed weight. When plants had buds, infestation by most herbivore species tested reduced flower production and pollen beetle colonization. Pollinator attraction was either increased or reduced. Plants infested in the flowering stage with P. brassicae or Lipaphis erysimi flowered longer, while infestation by any of the herbivore species tested increased the number of flower visits by pollinators. 4. Our results show that the outcome of herbivore-flower visitor interactions in B. nigra is specific for the combination of herbivore species and plant ontogenetic stage. Consequences of herbivory for flowering traits and reproductive output were strongest when plants were attacked early in life. Such differences in selection pressures imposed by herbivores to specific plant ontogenetic stages may drive the evolution of distinct ontogenetic trajectories in growth-defence-reproduction strategies and include indirect interactions between herbivores and flower visitors.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Additional supporting information may be found online in theSupporting Information section. How to cite this article: Rusman Q, Lucas-Barbosa D, Hassan K, Poelman EH. Plant ontogeny determines strength and associated plant fitness consequences of plant-mediated interactions between herbivores and flower visitors. J Ecol.

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Agricultural landscape simplification affects wild plant reproduction indirectly through herbivore-mediated changes in floral display

Schroeder,

Salzberg,

Grab

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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As natural landscapes are modified and converted into simplified agricultural landscapes, the community composition and interactions of organisms persisting in these modified landscapes are altered. While many studies examine the consequences of these changing interactions for crops, few have evaluated the effects on wild plants. Here, we examine how pollinator and herbivore interactions affect reproductive success for wild resident and phytometer plants at sites along a landscape gradient ranging from natural to highly simplified. We tested the direct and indirect effects of landscape composition on plant traits and reproduction mediated by insect interactions. For phytometer plants exposed to herbivores, we found that greater landscape complexity corresponded with elevated herbivore damage, which reduced total flower production but increased individual flower size. Though larger flowers increased pollination, the reduction in flowers ultimately reduced plant reproductive success. Herbivory was also higher in complex landscapes for resident plants, but overall damage was low and therefore did not have a cascading effect on floral display and reproduction. This work highlights that landscape composition directly affects patterns of herbivory with cascading effects on pollination and wild plant reproduction. Further, the absence of an effect on reproduction for resident plants suggests that they may be adapted to their local insect community.

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Consequences of multiple flower–insect interactions for subsequent plant–insect interactions and plant reproduction

Cited by 9 publications

References 91 publications

Ecology of Plastic Flowers

Ecology of Plastic Flowers

Plant ontogeny determines strength and associated plant fitness consequences of plant‐mediated interactions between herbivores and flower visitors

Agricultural landscape simplification affects wild plant reproduction indirectly through herbivore-mediated changes in floral display

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