Connectionism and Behavioral Clusters: Differential Patterns in Predicting Expectations to Engage in Health Behaviors

Nudelman, Gabriel; Shiloh, Shoshana

doi:10.1093/abm/kax063

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Researchpoints to the tendency of health behaviours to have high temporal stability,making past behaviours among the strongest predictors of present healthbehaviour [e.g., 3,4,5,6]. This might reflect implicit or nonconscious processesthat affect behaviour, such as behavioural scripts [7] or routines [8,9].…”

Section: Predicting Current Health Behaviours From Past Behavioursmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours and Coronavirus Protective Behaviours

2021

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Background Based on models of cross-behavioural associations and the role of past behaviour in predicting behaviour, an association was hypothesized between healthy lifestyle behaviours prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and adherence to coronavirus protective behaviours. Self-assessed health was also examined as a potential moderator. Methods A cross-sectional sample (N = 463) completed online questionnaires during a COVID-19-related lockdown that measured engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviours (e.g., exercising and eating fruits and vegetables), adherence to coronavirus protective behaviours (e.g., wearing a face mask and practicing social distancing), and self-assessed health (subjective evaluation of overall health). Results As predicted, higher engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviours prior to the pandemic was significantly correlated with higher adherence to coronavirus protective behaviours (Pearson r(459) = .308, p < .001). Adherence levels were higher than engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviours, and self-assessed health was related to the latter but not to the former. Moderation was examined using model 1 in PROCESS for SPSS; as expected, the association was stronger among individuals with higher levels of self-assessed health (coefficient 95% CI [.04, .20]). Conclusions The findings highlight cross-behavioural facilitating processes, specifically between lifestyle behaviours and adherence to recommended protective behaviours during the pandemic. They also draw attention to the need to address individuals whose poorer evaluations of their general health might prevent them from implementing their behavioural intentions.

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Section: Predicting Current Health Behaviours From Past Behavioursmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours and Coronavirus Protective Behaviours

2021

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“…In addition to the need to better understand how affective constructs may inform and supplement established theoretical models, there is also a need to understand how these constructs inform a wide spectrum of health behavior motivation and engagement (Conner et al, 2015; McEachan et al, 2016; Nudelman & Shiloh, 2018; Sandberg & Conner, 2008). Examining health behaviors in isolation is problematic because one’s overall health is an aggregate of the many health-promoting and health risk behaviors an individual performs, and therefore engagement in one type may limit potential benefits from another (Conner, McEachan, Lawton, & Gardner, 2016; Sandberg et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, emerging research suggests that the components of the TPB may be differentially important in the prediction of health-promoting versus health risk behaviors (Conner et al, 2017, 2015; McEachan, Conner, Taylor, & Lawton, 2011; McEachan et al, 2016). Knowing which components of the theoretical models are likely to have the greatest impact for particular behaviors has significant implications for the targeting and design of interventions to improve public health (McEachan et al, 2011; Nudelman & Shiloh, 2018). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feel good now or regret it later? The respective roles of affective attitudes and anticipated affective reactions for explaining health‐promoting and health risk behavioral intentions

Stevens

Gillman

Gardiner

et al. 2019

J Applied Social Pyschol

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Evidence supporting the incorporation of affective constructs, such as affective attitudes and anticipated regret, into theoretical models of health behavior has been mounting in recent years; however, the role of positive anticipated affective reactions (e.g., pride) has been largely unexplored. The purpose of the present investigation was to assess how affective attitudes and anticipated affective reactions (both pride and regret for performing a behavior or not) may provide distinct utility for understanding intentions to perform health-promoting and health risk behaviors over and above cognitive attitudes and other established theoretical constructs from the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Participants (N = 210) were recruited via Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to complete a one-time online battery assessing TPB and affective constructs. Self-reported intentions served as the main outcome measure, and hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine the effects of TPB and affective constructs across behaviors. Controlling for TPB constructs, more positive affective attitudes and greater anticipated regret, but not anticipated pride, predicted intentions to engage in future health behaviors. Anticipated affective reactions contributed explanatory variance for intentions to perform health risk behaviors, but anticipated pride and regret were not associated with intentions to perform health risk behaviors. Contributions made via the inclusion of both positively and negatively valence anticipated affective reactions for both action and inaction (performing a behavior or not) across a range of health promoting and health risk behaviors are discussed, as well as implications for future intervention work.

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“…There is empirical evidence that outcome expectancies can explain the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors (e.g. Nudelman and Shiloh, 2018). However, in a meta-analysis by Young et al (2014) on the effects of SCT variables only a third of the 71 included outcome expectancy constructs showed direct effects on physical activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Worse or even better than expected? Outcome expectancies and behavioral experiences in the context of physical activity among cancer patients

et al. 2019

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Expectancies of cancer patients regarding their physical activity before they took part in a behavior change intervention were compared with their experiences during the intervention period. A total of 66 cancer patients completed either a randomly assigned 4-week physical activity or a stress-management counseling intervention. On average, participants had positive expectancies toward physical activity. Outcome expectancies predicted outcomes (e.g. physical activity) at a 10-week follow-up. Outcome realization (discrepancy between expectancies and experiences) further increased explained variance in self-efficacy and physical activity enjoyment. In conclusion, not only initial outcome expectancies but also their realizations seem to be important for subsequent behavior and cognitions.

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Connectionism and Behavioral Clusters: Differential Patterns in Predicting Expectations to Engage in Health Behaviors

Cited by 9 publications

References 71 publications

The Association Between Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours and Coronavirus Protective Behaviours

The Association Between Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours and Coronavirus Protective Behaviours

Feel good now or regret it later? The respective roles of affective attitudes and anticipated affective reactions for explaining health‐promoting and health risk behavioral intentions

Worse or even better than expected? Outcome expectancies and behavioral experiences in the context of physical activity among cancer patients

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