Worse or even better than expected? Outcome expectancies and behavioral experiences in the context of physical activity among cancer patients

Ungar, Nadine; Rupprecht, Fiona S.; Steindorf, Karen; Wiskemann, Joachim; Sieverding, Monika

doi:10.1177/1359105319832345

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Another possible explanation is that PA is a complex behavior, and the role of self-regulatory variables from intention to behavior occurrence may be more susceptible to other covariates, such as goal multiplicity, emotional status, and exercise habituation [53]. The initiation of PA is an inherently intricate process, where individuals navigate positive outcome expectancies, such as improved functional status and weight loss, and negative outcome expectancies, such as fatigue, physical stress response, and time costs, during the process of forming intentions to implementing behavior [54,55]. While self-regulatory variables such as IIs can mediate and moderate this process, their effectiveness may be reduced when the strategies lack sufficient specificity and detail, such as neglecting to specify when, where, and how to implement the behavior, or fails to address obstacles encountered during the formation of the behavior [56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-Analysis of Implementation Intentions Interventions in Promoting Physical Activity among University Students

et al. 2023

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Implementation intentions (II) have demonstrated their efficacy in promoting physical activity (PA) among various populations, including adults, the general population, and those with chronic conditions. However, there is a dearth of meta-analyses examining this efficacy among university students. This meta-analysis aims to determine the effectiveness of II interventions in improving PA among university students. Six online databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, PsycINFO, and PsycArticle) were comprehensively searched. Recursive searching and grey literature collection strategies were employed to identify relevant studies. The meta-analysis employed a random-effects model to combine effect sizes for different PA outcomes. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies, and sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the robustness of the results. Twelve studies involving 1916 participants met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicated that II interventions significantly increased PA among university students compared to control groups (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.12, 0.50, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed larger effect sizes in the following groups: publication year after 2013, inactive university students, the reinforcement group, the action planning group, and the intervention period of fewer than six weeks. The above findings offer compelling evidence that II interventions can effectively promote PA among university students. The integration of IIs with e-health platforms and the implementation of individualized and multifaceted intervention models exhibit promising sustainability for promoting PA on campus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-Analysis of Implementation Intentions Interventions in Promoting Physical Activity among University Students

et al. 2023

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“…Importantly, this knowledge could also be important to practitioners delivering an RT program to PCa patients. Findings from the behavioral literature indicate that individual values, perceived benefits and expected outcomes, can influence the adoption of health behaviors [ 41 , 42 ]. Consequently, knowledge of expected outcomes from RT could help practitioners appropriately guide PCa patients’ expectations regarding anticipated outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Androgen Deprivation for Prostate Cancer Affect Normal Adaptation to Resistance Exercise?

Nilsen

Johansen

Thorsen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Loss of muscle mass and muscle function is a common side effect from androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we explored effects of heavy-load resistance training (RT) on lean body mass and muscle strength changes reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) among PCa patients on ADT and in healthy elderly men (HEM), by comparison of results in separate meta-analysis. Methods: RCTs were identified through databases and reference lists. Results: Seven RCTs in PCa patients (n = 449), and nine in HEM (n = 305) were included. The effects of RT in lean body mass change were similar among PCa patients (Standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2, 0.7) and HEM (SMD: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.2, 0.7). It is noteworthy that the within group changes showed different patterns in PCa patients (intervention: 0.2 kg; control: −0.6 kg) and HEM (intervention: 1.2 kg; control: 0.2 kg). The effects of RT on change in muscle strength (measured as 1 RM) were similar between PCa patients and HEM, both for lower body- (PCa: SMD: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.5; HEM: SMD: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.0, 3.4), and for upper body exercises (PCa: SMD: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.3, 2.7; HEM: SMD: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3, 2.6). Conclusions: The effects of RT on lean body mass and 1 RM were similar in PCa patients on ADT and HEM, but the mechanism for the intervention effect might differ between groups. It seems that RT counteracts loss of lean body mass during ADT in PCa patients, as opposed to increasing lean body mass in HEM.

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“…The fact that self-efficacy is useful for predicting physical activity or the intention to do so has already been described ( Barg et al, 2012 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ). Furthermore, outcome expectancies or intention were also found to directly predict physical activity ( Gellert et al, 2012 ; Ungar et al, 2021 ). In this regard, some findings from research suggest that proximal outcome expectancies may be more important in terms of behavioral motivation than distal outcome expectancies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, it is advisable to take a closer look at the determinants of physical activity or focus on the circumstances in which physically active behavior can be increased. According to psychological research, variables that influence whether or not a (physically active) behavior is performed include affective state, expectancy, and behavioral intention ( Gellert et al, 2012 ; Rhodes and Kates, 2015 ; Ungar et al, 2021 ; Bichler et al, 2022 ). Affective state can be characterized in terms of the two basic dimensions affective valence and affective arousal or activation ( Russell, 1980 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining acute environmental effects on affective state, expectancy, and intention in sport climbing

Hösl,

Niedermeier,

Kopp

2023

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionPsychological research has shown that, among other variables, affective state, expectancy, and behavioral intention influence whether or not a (physically active) behavior is performed. Environmental effects during physical activity on affective state have been well studied; however, research regarding environmental effects on expectancy or intention is limited. Sport climbing is a form of physical activity that is performed both indoors and outdoors and is therefore considered as suitable to study environmental effects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate environmental effects during sport climbing on affective state, expectancy, and intention. The nature of the relationship between some of these parameters should also be explored.MethodsUsing a within-subjects design, 48 participants were to climb both once indoors in a climbing gym and once outdoors at a crag. The design included questionnaire-based surveys at multiple time points. Affective state, expectancy, and behavioral intention were measured at different test time points.ResultsTwo-factor repeated-measures ANOVAs revealed significant main effects of the factors environment (indoor – outdoor) and time (T1 – T2 – T3) for affective state, indicating more positive affective state during outdoor climbing. No environment*time interactions were found. Furthermore, significantly higher intention (d = 0.32; p = 0.032) was measured after the outdoor condition (M = 32.5, SD = 4.1) compared to the indoor condition (M = 31.2, SD = 4.7). Multiple linear regressions revealed that expectancies (measured before and after the session) significantly predicted post-climbing intention only indoors.ConclusionThe results at least partly suggest environmental effects on behaviorally relevant variables during climbing. Outdoor climbing might provide more favorable characteristics for physically active behavior compared to indoor climbing. Health psychologists or public health professionals who focus on increasing physical activity for their clients could recommend outdoor climbing over indoor climbing.

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Worse or even better than expected? Outcome expectancies and behavioral experiences in the context of physical activity among cancer patients

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Meta-Analysis of Implementation Intentions Interventions in Promoting Physical Activity among University Students

Meta-Analysis of Implementation Intentions Interventions in Promoting Physical Activity among University Students

Does Androgen Deprivation for Prostate Cancer Affect Normal Adaptation to Resistance Exercise?

Examining acute environmental effects on affective state, expectancy, and intention in sport climbing

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