Connecticut (CCCRC) Olfactory Test: Normative Values in 426 Healthy Volunteers

Abstract

Application of Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) olfactory test to healthy Turkish volunteers, obtain normative data set and analyse the role of age, sex and smoking on olfactory scores. The present study was conducted at Bezmialem Vakif University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology. Total of 426 healthy volunteers were subjected to CCCRC olfactory test which consists of n-butanol smell threshold test and smell identification test. Olfactory function score was assessed (0: worst score; 7: best score) and mean scores were calculated. Mean age was (36.7 ± 11.1; range, 17-68). 46.2 % of the subjects were male and 53.8 % were female; 37.1 % were smokers and 62.9 % were non-smokers. Mean n-butanol threshold score was 6.36 out of 7, mean identification score was 6.34 and mean total score was 6.35. According to CCCRC score: there were no anosmic individuals, 0.5 % were severely hyposmic, 2.6 % were moderately hyposmic,15.3 % were mildly hyposmic and 81.6 % were normosmic. CCCRC olfactory test is cost-effective, simple and practical. It can be easily applied in clinical settings. The CCCRC olfactory test is appropriate for assessment of olfactory function: Turkish population is familiar in terms of the odors used in CCCRC test. The power of this study is that it provides a normative data set against which many factors can be compared.

How does total laryngectomy affect taste and smell senses

“…There are some recent studies which concluded total laryngectomy causes hyposmic and anosmic patients as well (10, [16][17][18] Our study revealed the similar result as half of the patients (n=10) were anosmic and the other half (n=10) were hyposmic patients. The mean thresold value in our study is 3,95±2,63 and compatible with literature.…”

Validation of a self‐administered olfactory and gustatory test for the remotely evaluation of COVID‐19 patients in home quarantine

“…The tests we used in this study were created on the basis of already validated and widely used olfactory and gustatory evaluation protocols. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] The scoring system was established so that the results of the two tests would be comparable.…”

“…The Connecticut Chemosensorial Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) orthonasal olfaction test [12][13][14][15][16] was used to evaluate the olfactory function. As required by the test protocol, olfactory threshold was determined by means of 60 mL of deionized water, with increasing concentration of N-butyl-alcohol.…”

Evaluation of olfaction and taste function in type 2 diabetic patients with and without peripheral neuropathy

“…Possible scores ranged from 0 to 9, but all scores 7 and higher were scored as 7 per the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test . In the Turkish population, normative data for butanol threshold test are normosmic, 6.00 to 7.00; mildly hyposmic, 5.00 to 5.75; moderately hyposmic, 4.00 to 4.75; severely hyposmic, 2.00 to 3.75; anosmic, 0 to 1.75 (age range 17‐68) …”