Conjugated Linoleic Acid Effects on Cancer, Obesity, and Atherosclerosis: A Review of Pre-Clinical and Human Trials with Current Perspectives

Hartigh, Laura J. den

doi:10.3390/nu11020370

Cited by 234 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 234 publications

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“…Concentrations of approximately 0.65% of c9t11 CLA were detected. In recent years, attention has been paid towards the potential benefits of short chain fatty acids and CLA [26,27]. For instance, the roles and importance of butyric acid has been expanding steadily: immunomodulatory activity of butyric acid in the gastrointestinal tract, the positive effects on irritable bowel syndrome, in non-specific inflammatory bowel diseases, in cancer prevention and treatment [28,29].…”

Section: Fatty Acid Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ripening on Chemical Characteristics of a Traditional Italian Cheese: Provolone del Monaco

et al. 2019

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The envisaged promotion of local products contributes to environmental protection and is a valid tool for the promotion of socioeconomic development, enhancement of territories, and biodiversity preservation and sustainability. Provolone del Monaco is a semi hard pasta filata cheese granted PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) designation by the European Union. Provolone del Monaco is obtained from raw cow’s milk, produced in the specific areas of the Lattari Mountains and Sorrento Peninsula (Naples, Italy), and ripened for at least six months. To the best of our knowledge, no studies concerning the complete chemical characterization of Provolone del Monaco cheese are available. In the present study; the chemical characterization (moisture; pH; titratable acidity; nitrogen; and fat content), fatty acid composition determined by using gas-chromatography-flame-ionization-detector (GC-FID); volatile organic compounds by solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS), and maturation indices were evaluated during ripening. Two different average typical cheese sizes (3 kg and 5 kg) and two different internal portions were studied. After 6 months of ripening, the most important changes recorded were the loss of water, the increase in acidity, the nitrogen (as ammonia) release, and the production of volatile organic compounds. The cheese size did not affect the chemical composition of Provolone del Monaco.

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Section: Fatty Acid Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ripening on Chemical Characteristics of a Traditional Italian Cheese: Provolone del Monaco

et al. 2019

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“…The administered diets were formulated with the aim of increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) in milk because of their potential benefits in human health, and increasing the nutritional quality of milk [16][17][18]. Contemporarily, a positive effect is expected on the human health due to the beneficial effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in cancer and atherosclerosis prevention, immunomodulation, and a few cardiovascular diseases [19]. Therefore, the production of naturally enriched goat milk with beneficial FA content is desirable for human consumption because it is considered as a functional food with high added value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NMR Lipid Profile of Milk from Alpine Goats with Supplemented Hempseed and Linseed Diets

et al. 2020

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The supplementation of goat diets with natural products to obtain milk with nutraceutical components is a common practice. In these last years, the influence of supplementation of specifically designed diets has been studied with different analytical tools in order to explore possible beneficial effects in human consumption of animal milk and milk-derived products. In this study, the lipid fraction of milk from Alpine goats undergoing different dietary regimens was studied by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Alpine goats were fed with linseed or hempseed supplements, and after 14 weeks of treatment, milk was collected and analyzed. Results showed that feeding diets supplemented with seeds positively affected the fatty acid composition with a pronounced increase in unsaturated fatty acids for both diets compared to a control diet. Specifically, linolenic acid content was more than doubled for linseed diet compared with the hempseed and control groups, while linoleic acid greatly increased only upon hempseed supplementation. However, a number of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers and higher levels of fatty acids with trans configuration were found in supplemented diets, particularly in the linseed diet.

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“…Milk from grazing cows contains higher proportions of unsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) [19]. An exhaustive review [20] indicated that CLAs from ruminant animal food products (milk and meat) may have efficacy against cancer, obesity, and atherosclerosis in animal models. However, more research is needed to validate the effect of CLAs in pre-clinical and human trials.…”

Section: Motivation For and Against Grazingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amazing Grazing: A Public and Private Partnership to Stimulate Grazing Practices in Intensive Dairy Systems

Schils¹,

Philipsen

Hoekstra

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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In many intensive dairy regions in northwest Europe, a decline in grazing is observed. In the Netherlands, the proportion of dairy cows with access to pasture is declining, as well as the time spent grazing per cow. The decline in grazing is seen as an unwanted trend by many stakeholders and is, thus, under debate amongst dairy farmers, the dairy chain, and society. Therefore, a public–private partnership was initiated to encourage grazing by providing farmers with usable means of improving their grazing systems. The partnership involved stakeholders from the dairy farming community, dairy and feed industry, agrotechnical industries, advisory services, and research. The objective of this partnership was to develop and stimulate technological innovations and management measures that increase fresh grass intake at pasture. The innovation network combined an integrated research approach with farmer working groups and broader stakeholder interactive meetings. The project started with a comprehensive grass intake framework, which was the foundation for exploration of innovations. The framework consisted of six interlinked components: soil, grass growth, grass supply, grass intake, feed supplementation, and cow behavior. In a continuous interactive cycle, strategic choices were made to focus on potentially effective innovations. The use of a public–private partnership to develop usable innovations that encourage grazing practices proven to be a good approach to develop a shared vision among stakeholders. It provided a basis to work together toward innovative practices and to disseminate the outcomes to the foreseen users. The approach succeeded in design concepts for two specific innovations, i.e., weekly grass growth predictions and daily fresh grass intake tracking. We demonstrated that meaningful grazing and fresh grass intake are possible in intensive dairy systems with high stocking rates and high levels of supplementary feeding.

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Conjugated Linoleic Acid Effects on Cancer, Obesity, and Atherosclerosis: A Review of Pre-Clinical and Human Trials with Current Perspectives

Cited by 234 publications

References 234 publications

Influence of Ripening on Chemical Characteristics of a Traditional Italian Cheese: Provolone del Monaco

Influence of Ripening on Chemical Characteristics of a Traditional Italian Cheese: Provolone del Monaco

NMR Lipid Profile of Milk from Alpine Goats with Supplemented Hempseed and Linseed Diets

Amazing Grazing: A Public and Private Partnership to Stimulate Grazing Practices in Intensive Dairy Systems

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