Congenital mesoblastic nephroma in a premature neonate: A case report and review of literature

Abstract

Congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) is a renal stromal neoplasm of infancy. It comprises 3-10% of all pediatric renal tumors. We report a case of CMN in a 30 week old premature female neonate seen at autopsy who was born to a 26-year-old woman by emergency cesarean section on account of polyhydramnios.

Solid Cancers in the Premature and the Newborn: Report of Three National Referral Centers

“…Other complications reported in newborns with cancer include polyhydramnios, hypertension, or hypercalcemia. 11,16,17 In our series, polyhydramnios was the cause of cesarean section in three cases.…”

Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma in a Premature Neonate: Should We Give Adjuvant Chemotherapy?

“…[1,2] Radical nephroureterectomy alone is considered the adequate management for all variants of CMN. [2][3][4][5][6][7] The role of chemotherapy after initial surgery has been less clearly defined. There is no consensus on the indications of adjuvant treatment.…”

“…[1] However, more aggressive clinical behavior in the form of recurrence and metastasis has also been observed. [2,3] Herein, we report a case of recurrent congenital mesoblastic nephroma treated with surgery alone.…”

Cellular Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma in a Newborn

“…CMN typically affects neonates and young infants. The most common presentation of CMN is asymptomatic abdominal mass [ 1 ]. Hypertension can occur due to increased rennin levels as a result of trapped glomeruli in the tumor [ 2 ].…”

“…Histologically, there are poorly formed fascicles which give a sheet like growth pattern. The tumor shows high mitotic rate figures [ 1 ]. They usually invade perinephric fat and connective tissue [ 2 ].…”