Confining Sb₂Se₃ nanorod yolk in a mesoporous carbon shell with an in-built buffer space for stable Li-ion batteries

Abstract

The yolk–shell structure, realized by various synthesis methods, exhibits unique morphology and structural properties, which is currently undergoing a transition from material production technology to energy storage applications.

Synthesis of MnSe @C yolk‐shell nanospheres via a water vapor‐assisted strategy for use as anode in sodium‐ion batteries

“…The design of yolk‐shell structured electrode materials with carbon shells is a powerful strategy for enhancing the battery performance 21,22 . Carbon shells can alleviate the stress received from the changes in volume during electrochemical reaction and supplement the electrical conductivity of the electrode materials 23 . Dou et al synthesized yolk‐shell silicon‐mesoporous carbon anode for use as LIBs; the carbon shell effectively alleviated volume changes during cycling and high capacity retention of 78.6% after 400 cycles could be achieved 21 .…”

Dual Confinement of Si Nanoparticles in a MXene/ZIF-8-Derived Carbon Framework for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…In contrast, the (002) peak of MXene became weaker for Si/MXene@C, which might be attributed to the surface carbon coating and thermal treatment. , Moreover, a board peak at around 30° could be detected for all of the samples, even for Si, which might be assigned to the surface oxidation layer (i.e., SiO 2 ) on Si. , Figure b shows the Raman spectra of Si/MXene@C, Si/MXene, Si@C, and Si, where a characteristic peak of Si could be detected at 517 cm –1 in all of the cases . Besides, Si/MXene exhibits typical peaks of MXene, such as the peaks for the A 1g symmetric out-of-plane vibrations of Ti (197 cm –1 ) and C (710 cm –1 ) atoms and the peaks that represent the E g in-plane vibrations of Ti (298 cm –1 ), C (406 cm –1 ), and atoms from surface terminations (617 cm –1 ). , Furthermore, two distinct peaks related to the D and G bonds of carbon were observed at 1328 and 1588 cm –1 , respectively, for Si/MXene@C and Si@C, which indicated their carbon coating structure in practice . However, the peaks of Si and MXene in Si/MXene@C and Si@C became weak after the in situ growth of the carbon layer.…”

“…34,35 Furthermore, two distinct peaks related to the D and G bonds of carbon were observed at 1328 and 1588 cm −1 , respectively, for Si/MXene@ C and Si@C, which indicated their carbon coating structure in practice. 36 However, the peaks of Si and MXene in Si/ MXene@C and Si@C became weak after the in situ growth of the carbon layer.…”

Mesoporous Carbon Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

“…In Zhang's work, SiO 2 and resorcinol‐formaldehyde (RF) was coated on the Sb 2 Se 3 nanorods firstly. The SiO 2 formed the pores in the RF shell [69] . After carbonization and HF etching, the core‐shell Sb 2 Se 3 @void@C composite was obtained.…”

“…The performance of these electrodes was, therefore, be further improved compared to strategy a) [104,110–114] . c), Hollow MCs were served as nanocages to encapsulate active materials [36,55,69,105,115–122] . In charge‐discharge cycles, carbon shell or carbon skeleton type structures precisely confine the volume change of active materials particles while the mesopores and conductive walls provide efficient mass transport and fast charge transfer routes.…”