The airline industry has earned over the years an important role in the process of globalization and economic development at national and global level. Since public resources are scarce and the industry demand is growing, the use of a tool that analyzes the efficiency of public airports gives visibility to structural problems and enables the mapping of strategies that seek to properly allocate the inputs front of the terminal needs. The objective of this study is to measure and evaluate the operational and financial efficiency of 63 public airports, administered by the Brazilian Airport Infrastructure Company, through the Data Envelopment Analysis Tool (DEA). In addition, to provide an overview of the sector over time, data 2003-2013 are studied by using descriptive statistics. The results showed in the operational analysis that only 12.7% of respondent terminals were efficient in 2010 and 11.1% in 2013. In the financial analysis were effective 9.5% of airports in 2010 and 14.3% in 2013. The results also revealed the need for attention to the sector in seeking to resolve bottlenecks and improve efficiency through modernization, adequate investment in infrastructure and balance between income and expenditure.