“…The Turkey Lifelong Learning Strategy Paper, issued by the Ministry of National Education in 2009, defines lifelong learning as all kinds of learning activities in which an individual participates throughout his or her life to improve his or her knowledge, skills, interests, and competencies with a personal, social, and employment-related approach. Despite the lack of agreement on what lifelong learning represents exactly, there is a wide consensus that it involves multiple learning ways an individual undergoes throughout his or her life (Abukari, 2005;Bolhuis, 2003;Bryce, 2004;Candy, 2000;Crick, Broadfoot, & Claxton, 2004;Friesen & Anderson, 2004;Hager, 2004;Livingstone, 2001). Lifelong learning should be understood as a socio-cultural process that is important in many aspects rather than just a policy, law, or meta-learning type (Usher & Edwards, 2007).…”