Concentrations of Sodium, Potassium, Copper, Zinc and Heavy Metals in Camel Milk Reared Under Pasture and Farm Conditions in South Egypt

Abstract

The present study aimed to determine concentration of sodium, potassium, copper, zinc, lead and cadmium in camel's milk. The camels was divided into two groups, the first group reared under the traditional farms and the second reared under pasture system. The elements were determined by using atomic absorption (AA) flame spectrometry techniques. The results indicated that the overall mean of sodium and potassium contents in camel milk was 1848.54±571.2 and 3749.90±328.9 mg/l, respectively. While, the overall mean of copper and zinc contents in camel milk was 0.065±0.02 and 0.20±0.06 mg/l, respectively. The overall mean of lead and cadmium contents in milk camel was 1.56±0.85 and 0.008 ± 0.001 mg/l, respectively. Sodium content in pasture camel milk was lower (1823.59±572.7 mg/l) than farm (1873.49±578.03 mg/l), but the content of potassium was higher (3868.49±162 .75 mg/l) in farm than pasture milk (3631.32±411.52 mg/l). Content of copper in pasture milk was higher (0.07±0.02 mg/l) than the farm milk (0.06 ± 0.02 mg/l). Similar trend was observed in zinc content in pasture milk was higher (0.21±0.07 mg/l) than the farm milk (0.19 ± 0.03 mg/l). Lead content was equal in pasture and the farm milk (1.54±1.1 and 1.58 ± 0.45 mg/l, respectively). Cadmium content in pasture milk was higher (0.016± 0.001 mg/l) than the farm milk (0.0005 ± 0.0001 mg/l). The present results of this study indicated that marked differences in concentration of K and Cd between pasture of milk and farm milk.

Concentrations of Cadmium, Lead and Mercury in Raw Bovine, Ovine, Caprine, Buffalo and Camel Milk

“…Higher concentrations of toxic heavy metals in spring milk may be due to the differences in feeding patterns of dairy animals in Iran, differences in the amount of soil ingested by animals and vegetation types in different seasons, differences in the amounts of rainfall in various seasons and finally using chemical Table 4. Standard allowed limit concentrations of Cd, Pb and Hg in milk samples [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

“…[21] reported that the overall mean of Pb and Cd contents in camel milk in Egypt were 1056±105.85 and 8.00±0.21 ppb, respectively. The obtained results agreed with those reported by Saini et al(2007) [22], Meldebekova et al (2008)[23] and El-Bagermi et al (2014)[24].…”

Impact of grazing around industrial areas on milk heavy metals contamination and reproductive ovarian hormones of she-camel with assessment of some technological processes on reduction of toxic residue concentrations

“…All analyzed milk samples obtained from animals grazing around industrial areas were contaminated by Cu and Al residues and have concentrations higher than that obtained from non-industrial areas. Previously, several studies were carried to detect the concentrations of Cu in camel milk in different areas in the world such as Qassim region of Saudi Arabia [ 34 ], Egypt [ 35 ], Lybia [ 36 ],Yobe State, Nigeria [ 37 ] and Kasuwan Shanu market in Maiduguri, Borno State [ 38 ], Kazakhstan [ 39 ], Kazakhstan [ 40 ], Nigeria [ 41 ], South Egypt [ 42 ], Iran [ 43 ] and China [ 12 ], they detected Cu at concentrations of 1.61, 1.90, 1.40, 1.34, 2.06 ±0.01, 0.065 ± 0.04, 0.07, 0.161, 0.065±0.02, 0.44 ± 0.03 and 0.248 ±0.55ppm respectively. While [ 12 ]detected Al in camel milk at concentration of 0.45± 0.2ppm.…”