Concentration and composition of dissolved combined neutral sugars (polysaccharides) in seawater determined by HPLC-PAD

Seqestration of dissolved organic carbon in the deep sea

“…Bomb-produced radiocarbon raised marine DIC Δ 14 C values from between -50‰ and -80 ‰ prior to 1945, to above 150 ‰ at some North Pacific Ocean sites in the mid 1970s (Druffel, 1987;Mahadevan, 2001 Borch and Kirchman, 1997;Eglinton and Repeta, 2004).…”

“…Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and molecular level (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)) analyses reveal that 10-20% of HMWDOC is a suite of seven neutral sugars, and that the distribution of these sugars is conservative in samples from different geographic locations and depths in the ocean (McCarthy et al, 1996, Aluwihare et al, 1997, Borch and Kirchman, 1997. HMWDOC with similar characteristics is produced by marine phytoplankton in culture, and Aluwihare et al (1997) concluded that phytoplankton synthesize a specific family of closely related acylated polysaccharides (APS) that accumulate as semi-reactive DOC in seawater.…”

Bacterial enhancement of gel particle coagulation in seawater

“…Fucoidan and fucose-rich polysaccharides are commonly found in brown seaweed and diatoms (Wustman et al 1997, Morya et al 2012, and chitosan is produced by the partial hydrolysis of chitin, a component of the exoskeletons of crabs, shrimps, and crustacean zooplankton (Rinaudo 2006). The constituents of fucoidan (fucose) and chitosan (N-acetyl-glucosamine) are abundant in marine environments (Borch & Kirchman 1997, Myklestad et al 1997, and the functional groups of these polysaccharides (sulfate and amino groups in fucoidan and chitosan, respectively) are commonly found in gel-like polymers in marine waters (Long & Azam 1996, Stoderegger & Herndl 1998, 1999. Because the fucoidan/chitosan gel particles were ca.…”

Improved RP‐HPLC and anion‐exchange chromatography methods for the determination of amino acids and carbohydrates in soil solutions

“…For instance, it is disadvantageous that no baseline separation between arabinose and galactosamine and between mannose and xylose can be achieved with the CarboPac PA 1 columns. The co-elution of mannose and xylose on the CarboPac PA 10 (Jahnel et al, 1998;Guignard et al, 2005;DeRuiter et al, 1992;Borch and Kirchman, 1997) is unfavorable as well. Currie and Perry (2006) could fully resolve mannose and xylose on a CarboPac PA 10 using a NaOH gradient.…”