Concentração de alfa-tocoferol em colostro humano e em fórmulas infantis e o atendimento ao requerimento nutricional do recém-nascido

Abstract

Concentração de alfa-tocoferol em colostro humano e em fórmulas infantis e o atendimento ao requerimento nutricional do recém-nascidoConcentration of alpha-tocopherol in human colostrum and infant formulas and the compliance with the newborn nutritional requirement RESUMO Os teores de alfa-tocoferol foram determinados no colostro humano e nas fórmulas infantis, para verificar se estas amostras atendem ao requerimento nutricional do recém-nascido quanto à vitamina E. Foi realizado estudo por corte transversal em amostras de 82 lactantes. O colostro foi coletado em jejum imediatamente o pós-parto; e o alfa-tocoferol foi determinado pela cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). As fórmulas infantis foram coletadas em supermercados, selecionando-se quatro marcas (F1, F2, F3, F4) específicas para crianças de 0-6 meses, e as concentrações de alfa-tocoferol indicadas no rótulo. A concentração média de alfa-tocoferol no colostro foi de 1479 ± 807,7 µg/dL, que corresponde à oferta de 7,3 mg por dia; e nas fórmulas infantis foi de 810 ± 182,4 µg/dL, equivalente à oferta de 4,1 mg/dia. O leite de colostro forneceu 43 % de alfa-tocoferol a mais do que as fórmulas, e superior em 82 % em relação à recomendação para a faixa etária. A fórmula F3 forneceu apenas 68 % da recomendação diária de alfa-tocoferol e valores acima de 4mg/dia nas demais fórmulas. O colostro forneceu alfa-tocoferol em quantidade superior às fórmulas infantis, e nem todas as fórmulas dispõem alfa-tocoferol em quantidade superior ao recomendado para suprir as necessidades e formar reservas para recém-nascido. Palavras-chave. alfa-tocoferol, colostro, fórmulas infantis, requerimento nutricional. ABSTRACTThis study compared the alpha-tocopherol contents in human colostrum and infant formulas, and the vitamin E requirements for newborns were assessed in the both samples. To perform this cross-sectional study, the colostrums samples were collected from 82 lactating women, under fasting conditions, and immediately after postpartum period. Alpha-tocopherol contents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Four brands of infant formula (F1, F2, F3, and F4), appropriate for children aged 0-6 months, were obtained from a supermarket. The mean alpha-tocopherol concentration in the colostrum was 1479 ± 807.7 µg/dL, and in the formulas was 810 ± 182.4 µg/dL, which corresponded to the availability of 7.3 mg/day and 4.1 mg/day, respectively. The alpha-tocopherol concentration in colostrum was 43 % higher than that in infant formulas, and 82 % higher than those the age-related recommended contents. The F3 formula contained 68 % of the recommended daily dose of alpha-tocopherol only; and the other formulas showed concentrations of >4 mg/day. Therefore, the colostrum provides alphatocopherol in an amount higher than that found in infant formula, and not all of the formulas provided alpha-tocopherol in quantities higher than those recommended to meet the needs and to form alphatocopherol reserves for newborns.

Dehydrated Apiculture Pollen Quality

“…Similar values were found in the work of Oliveira, (2010) that analyzed samples of bee pollen collected in establishments in the city of Pindamonhangaba presented values ranging from 4.8% to 7.99%, with an average of 6.88%. Melo et al (2009) found an average lipid value of 4.97% in samples of dehydrated bee pollen.…”

“…Indicating that there were no manipulation failures and the pollen did not present content of vegetal residues, dust, propolis and fragments of bees (legs and wings). Melo et al (2009) found an average ash value of 3.08% in samples of dehydrated bee pollen. Azevedo et.…”

“…In Brazil, the pollen legislation is incipient, since it indicates the limits, but does not stipulate the methods of analysis, so the quality control of bee pollen requires standardization of methods (MURADIAN, 2009). The chemical and nutritional composition is variable and depends on the floral origin (MELO et al, 2009). Pollen must meet the quality and certification criteria before marketing.…”

Pollen quality assessment of Tetragonisca angustula, Melipona quadrifasciata and Apis mellifera

“…Para as demais análises, os resultados foram inferiores quando comparados ao pólen de Apis (Tabela 1). Resultados superiores foram obtidos por Melo et al (2009) avaliando pólen de A. mellifera para proteínas com 23,59% lipídeos 4,97% e cinzas com 3,08% obtidos em apiário no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. O teor de umidade apresentou média inferior ao nosso com 2,34%.…”