Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of the Temporomandibular Joint in Two Normal Camels

Abstract

Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) image features of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated structures in two mature dromedary camels were obtained with a third-generation equipment CT and a superconducting magnet RM at 1.5 Tesla. Images were acquired in sagittal and transverse planes. Medical imaging processing with imaging software was applied to obtain postprocessing CT and MR images. Relevant anatomic structures were identified and labelled. The resulting images provided excellent anatomic detail of the TMJ and associated structures. Annotated CT and MR images from this study are intended as an anatomical reference useful in the interpretation for clinical CT and MR imaging studies of the TMJ of the dromedary camels.

Computed Tomography and Gross Anatomical Studies on the Head of One‐Humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius)

“…The larynx of the camel is characterized by the presence of a median laryngeal recess that is absent in other domestic ruminants (Smuts and Bezuidenhout, ). The articular disc, articular surface, and joint capsule of temporomandibular joint appeared in CT and cross sections images from the present study to be similar to that described by Arencibia et al ().…”

“…Computed tomography (CT) is widely applied in human and veterinary medicine for investigation of a variety of diseases (Pollard and Puchalski, ). CT is also useful to detail the anatomy and structure of the head bones, muscles and soft tissues of varied tissue density in large animals (Alsafy et al, ; Arencibia et al, ; Morrow et al, ; Smallwood et al, ) and is also useful for imaging hard and soft tissues in small animals (Allen et al, ; Ragle et al, ). CT is used to investigate the complex structure of some organs that have higher density resolution and no overlap of other anatomical organs (Arencibia et al, ; Hu, ; Shojaei et al, ; Wang et al, 2007).…”

Computed tomography of the brain and associated structures of the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius): an anatomic study

“…In large animals, CT has been used sparingly for descriptive anatomic research (Hathcock et al 1995;Morrow et al 2000;De Zani et al 2010;Zafra et al 2012) and several studies have demonstrated the clinical value of CT in diagnosing diseases of the head (Tietje et al 1996;Warmerdam et al 1997). In camelids, CT anatomy of the nasal cavity Wang et al 2008), temporomandibular joint (Arencibia et al 2012), tarsus (Hagag et al 2013) and metatarsus and digits (El-Shafey & Kassab 2013) has been studied, but to the author's knowledge, there is no published material describing the results of CT anatomy of the brain and associated structures in dromedary camel applying bone and soft-tissue CT windows.…”

Description of normal head structures of the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) by magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and cross-sectional anatomy

“…Since the transverse planes are being beneficial to obtain the anatomic relationships easily, this is the reason of why we focused in this study to show the transverse sections labeled with their respective gross anatomical sections [ 16 ].…”

“…In camel, there are few studies described the normal nasal and oral cavities by CT [ 15 ], normal temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by CT and MRI [ 16 ], normal brain and cranioencephalic structures by MRI [ 6 , 7 , 17 ], normal digits by MRI [ 18 ], normal carpus and metatarsophalangeal joints by CT [ 19 , 20 ], and normal head by CT [ 21 , 22 ]. To the author’s knowledge, there are no published data so far describing the normal MRI features of the mature camel head in comparison to their close relevant sectional anatomy.…”