Computational modeling of stuttering caused by impairments in a basal ganglia thalamo-cortical circuit involved in syllable selection and initiation

Civier, Oren; Bullock, Daniel; Max, Ludo; Guenther, Frank H.

doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2013.05.016

Cited by 163 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Therefore, the delay in auditory feedback caused promotion of the speech fluency of adults with stuttering, as described previously 26,[28][29][30] . The effect of DAF was satisfactory in adults with stuttering because it showed a decrease in the main manifestation of the disorder that is the stutteringlike disfluencies 35 . It is suggested that this delay in the auditory temporal cues can cause adaptations in the nervous system of the person who stutters, thus compensating possible intermittent failures of the nervous system, as described in the literature 36 , in the adequate command of the signals to the motor activity control necessary to the production of fluent speech.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The role of auditory temporal cues in the fluency of stuttering adults

et al. 2017

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Purpose: to compare the frequency of disfluencies and speech rate in spontaneous speech and reading in adults with and without stuttering in non-altered and delayed auditory feedback (NAF, DAF).Methods: participants were 30 adults: 15 with Stuttering (Research Group -RG), and 15 without stuttering (Control Group -CG). The procedures were: audiological assessment and speech fluency evaluation in two listening conditions, normal and delayed auditory feedback (100 milliseconds delayed by Fono Tools software).Results: the DAF caused a significant improvement in the fluency of spontaneous speech in RG when compared to speech under NAF. The effect of DAF was different in CG, because it increased the common disfluencies and the total of disfluencies in spontaneous speech and reading, besides showing an increase in the frequency of stuttering--like disfluencies in reading. The intergroup analysis showed significant differences in the two speech tasks for the two listening conditions in the frequency of stuttering-like disfluencies and in the total of disfluencies, and in the flows of syllable and word-per--minute in the NAF.Conclusion: the results demonstrated that delayed auditory feedback promoted fluency in spontaneous speech of adults who stutter, without interfering in the speech rate. In non-stuttering adults an increase occurred in the number of common disfluencies and total of disfluencies as well as reduction of speech rate in spontaneous speech and reading.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The role of auditory temporal cues in the fluency of stuttering adults

et al. 2017

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“…However, this number was relatively close (10.77%) in the results of this investigation. This finding was expected, since the main manifestation of stuttering is the increased frequency of stuttering-like disfluencies [1][2][3] , and the sum of these disfluencies with other disfluencies has caused the increase on the total of disfluencies.…”

Section: Figure 1 -Comparison Of Groups Of Males and Females And Thementioning

confidence: 83%

“…Stuttering is a fluency disorder characterized by excessive atypical breaks during linguistic formulation [1][2][3] , impairing smoothness 4 and time of speech 5 . Its main symptom is intermittent failure of the nervous system in generating appropriate command signals to the muscles to which the activity must be dynamically controlled so that fluent speech can be produced males and 10 females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gagueira desenvolvimental persistente familial: disfluências e prevalência

et al. 2015

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Resumo: OBJETIVO: caracterizar e comparar a frequência das disfluências da fala de adultos com gagueira desenvolvimental persistente familial do sexo masculino e feminino, a severidade do distúrbio e determinar a prevalência familial e a razão entre gêneros da gagueira nos familiares dos probandos. MÉTODOS: participaram 30 adultos com gagueira (18 a 53 anos), divididos em dois grupos, sendo 20 do sexo masculino e 10 do sexo feminino. Os procedimentos realizados foram: história clínica e familial, avaliação da fluência e Instrumento de Severidade da Gagueira. RESULTADOS: as porcentagens de disfluências típicas da gagueira (p=0,352), de outras disfluências (p=0,947) e do total das disfluências (p=0,522) foram semelhantes entre os grupos masculino e feminino. A média de disfluências típicas da gagueira foi 5,23% e de outras disfluências 5,50%. O subtipo leve foi manifestado pela maioria dos participantes (83,3%). Os familiares do gênero masculino apresentaram maior risco de apresentar gagueira (p<0,001). Do total de 1002 familiares, 85 apresentaram gagueira. No total de familiares afetados (n=85), 53 eram do sexo masculino e 32 do feminino. CONCLUSÃO: não houve diferenças entre os grupos masculino e feminino nas medidas analisadas. Quanto à frequência das disfluências, aproximadamente metade do total das disfluências foi caracterizada como disfluências típicas da gagueira. O subtipo de gagueira desenvolvimental persistente familial foi caracterizado principalmente por um distúrbio classificado quanto à severidade como leve. O risco dos familiares dos probandos afetados foi de 8,5%. A gagueira afetou mais pessoas do gênero masculino em relação ao feminino, numa proporção de 3,72:1.

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“…Stuttering is a complex fluency disorder characterized by excessive interruptions during linguistic formulation [1][2][3] . Muscle tension 4 during speech production, affects smoothness 5 and speech rate 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparação da leitura de escolares com gagueira em duas condições de escuta: habitual e atrasada

et al. 2016

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Purpose: to compare the immediate effects of delayed auditory feedback in the oral reading task in school-age children with persistent developmental stuttering. Methods: this study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (n° 0714/2013). Participated 16 school-children aged 8-17 years, 11 males and 5 females, divided into two experimental groups (EG1 and EG2) of 8 participants each; the EG1 composed of participants with moderate stuttering and EG2 with severe or very severe stuttering. The procedures used were audiologic evaluation, fluency assessment in spontaneous speech and evaluation of oral reading fluency in two listening situations: with Normal Auditory Feedback -NAF and Delayed -DAF. The Fono Tools software along with Andrea PureAudio USB -AS adapter and headset microphone Karsect HT-2 were used to cause the effect of the DAF and record speech.Results: the effect of delayed auditory feedback led to reduction of stuttering-like disfluencies in both groups, but the frequency of other disfluencies increased in moderate stuttering group and decreased in the group with severe / very severe stuttering and thus, total disfluencies showed a more significant decrease in EG2. There were statistically significant differences for the oral reading only in intergroup comparison for the stuttering-like disfluencies, at usual auditory feedback situation. Conclusions: the delayed auditory feedback did not cause significant effects during the oral reading in both groups, however there is a tendency of the effect be considered positive for the group with severe / very severe stuttering. Keywords: Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences; Speech Disorders; Reading; Stuttering; Feedback RESUMO Objetivo: comparar os efeitos imediatos do atraso na retroalimentação auditiva na tarefa de leitura oral em escolares com gagueira do desenvolvimento persistente. Métodos: estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Instituição (n°0714/2013). Participaram 16 escolares, com idade de 8 a 17 anos, sendo 11 do gênero masculino e 5 do feminino, separados em dois Grupos Experimentais (GE1 e GE2) de 8 participantes cada; o GE1 composto de participantes com gagueira moderada e o GE2 com gagueira grave ou muito grave. Os procedimentos utilizados foram: avaliação audiológica, avaliação da fluência na fala espontânea e avaliação da fluência na leitura oral em duas condições de escuta: com Retroalimentação Auditiva Habitual -RAH e atrasada -RAA. O software Fono Tools junto com o Adaptador Andrea PureAudio USB-AS e microfone auricular Karsect HT-2 foram utilizados para provocar o efeito da RAA e gravar a fala. Resultados: o efeito da retroalimentação auditiva atrasada ocasionou redução das disfluências típicas da gagueira em ambos os grupos, porém a frequência de outras disfluências aumentou no grupo de gagueira moderada e diminuiu no grupo com gagueira grave/muito grave e, desta forma, o total de disfluências apresentou uma diminuição mais significativa no GE2. A diferença foi estatisticamente significante apenas na comparação intergrup...

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Computational modeling of stuttering caused by impairments in a basal ganglia thalamo-cortical circuit involved in syllable selection and initiation

Cited by 163 publications

References 90 publications

The role of auditory temporal cues in the fluency of stuttering adults

The role of auditory temporal cues in the fluency of stuttering adults

Gagueira desenvolvimental persistente familial: disfluências e prevalência

Comparação da leitura de escolares com gagueira em duas condições de escuta: habitual e atrasada

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