In the study, the untreated and potassium chlorate, (KClO 3 ) treated micro sized Date Palm Petiole Fiber, (DPPF) were used to produce natural fiber/HDPE composites by injection molding machine. DPPF was characterized to determine their chemical compositions in terms of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Central Composite Design (CCD) tool of RSM was applied for optimization processes. Analyses of the results showed that cellulose content is, hemicelluloses and lignin. Chemical treatment of the fibers modified and enhanced properties of the fibers. Quadratic model described the relationship between percentage cellulose yield and considered factors of chemical concentration, mass/volume ratio and time. From the three process variables considered, percentage cellulose is 60.3% at 3.5wt% concentration, 4g/l mass/volume ratio and time of 16hr. Quadratic model also described the relationship between tensile strength and process variables of temperature, fiber/polymer ratio and time. The composites produced gave tensile strength 42.0 Mpa fiber/polymer ratio 29wt%, temperature 172 0 c and time 10min. The chemical treatment gave a better interfacial bonding of the DPPF/HDPE and resulted to increased properties of the composite.