The mechanical properties of brick containing recycled concrete aggregate and polyethylene terephthalate waste as sand replacement

Khalid, Faisal Sheikh; Azmi, Nurul Bazilah; Mazenan, Puteri Natasya; Shahidan, Shahiron; Ali, Noorwirdawati

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/20183401001

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The increasing number of PET waste substitutions affects the compressive strength. This study corresponds to previous studies, where PET waste addition leads to a reduction of the sample's compressive strength [41], [42], [46] and [61].…”

Section: Compressive Strength Testsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…PET was known as a material with a low density and lower value of specific gravity, which proved the replacement of sand with these materials contributed to the reduction in mass of the brick samples [42]. This study had the same pattern as the studies conducted by Davies and Olofinnade [57], Bijivemula and Noolu [46], and Khalid et al, [41], which revealed that the density decreases with the increase in the PET waste content in the sample composition.…”

Section: Densitysupporting

confidence: 66%

“…The higher the number and the larger the pores that brick has, the greater the water absorption the brick can achieve. This finding was supported by the studies conducted by Khalid [41], where PET waste are significantly affected the increased water absorption characteristic of bricks.…”

Section: Water Absorption Testsupporting

confidence: 64%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste Utilisation for Production of Low Thermal Conductivity Cement Sand Bricks

Deraman

Nawi

Yasin

et al. 2021

ARFMTS

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There is a tremendous increase in plastic waste that negatively impacts the environment due to various industrial activities. Furthermore, plastic waste has non-biodegradable properties that make it hard to reduce its accumulation around the globe. Hence, this study aims to investigate the possibility of incorporating Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste as a partial replacement material of sand to improve the thermal insulation properties of cement sand brick by looking at findings of low thermal conductivity value. The study uses a PET plastic bottle that has been cut into small flakes and grind using a granulator machine to produce PET waste granules whose size is not more than 5 mm, similar to the sand size. This waste was added to other raw materials, i.e., cement and sand. The percentages of PET waste vary from 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% by weight. This study produced two types of samples, i.e., control brick and PET waste cement sand brick. All samples undergo laboratory works involving geotechnical gradation, physical, mechanical, and thermal conductivity testing. Based on the results obtained, the optimum proportion of PET waste replacement in cement sand bricks making is 5% by its having the lowest thermal conductivity value of 0.581 W/mK and meeting the standard requirements of 3.90 MPa > 3.45 MPa (ASTM C129-11 for compressive strength), and 2,146 kg/m3 > 2,000 kg/m3 (ASTM C129-11 for normal weight non-loadbearing brick). Thus, PET plastic bottle waste can be a potential partial sand replacement material in cement sand bricks. Its potential to enhance the thermal conductivity of existing cement sand brick reduces sand consumption, solves plastic waste problems, and promotes a better environmentally-friendly construction industry.

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Section: Compressive Strength Testsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Densitysupporting

confidence: 66%

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Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste Utilisation for Production of Low Thermal Conductivity Cement Sand Bricks

Deraman

Nawi

Yasin

et al. 2021

ARFMTS

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“…Currently, the incorporation of plastic waste into building materials is being investigated by many researchers. For example, plastic waste is replaced as fine aggregate [5], and Pet fibres are incorporated into concrete to improve compressive strength and Pet bottles are filled with soil [6][7]. Incorporating plastic waste in building materials has positively effects on various material properties such as compressive strength, density and water absorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

Hassan,

Kadir,

Arzlan

et al. 2021

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In this globalized era, building materials play an essential role in the civil engineering field. nowadays, with the increase in population, the demand for construction activities is also increasing. Polyethylene (Pet) bottles are among the most widely used materials and cause an abundance of non-degradable waste, at about 0.94 million tonnes in Malaysia. one of the alternatives to reduce this waste's environmental impact is to incorporate it inside building materials such as brick and concrete. as Pet bottles' recycling is highly promoted, the physical and mechanical properties of building materials made from Pet bottles have also been reviewed. the data analysis shows that the compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength and density of building materials decreases as the percentage of Pet waste increases. however, other properties such as water absorption, initial absorption rate, and firing shrinkage increase proportionally with the Pet waste. besides, heavy metals in these building materials comply with the united states environmental Protection agency (usePa) standards. It can be concluded that the percentage of Pet waste incorporated into brick and concrete must be less than 5% and 2%, respectively, to produce suitable materials to provide alternatives in reducing and recycling Pet waste.

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“…According to Senthamarai et al [11], concrete which contain at least 20% a waste product whether it from the agriculture, daily waste or C&D waste is called green concrete that will create a sustainable development. The simple definition of sustainable development is the possibility to achieve the needs of present generation without preventing the future generation to meet their needs [12], [13]. To accomplish that needs, this review paper was conducted to gather an overview information on FRCA properties such as density and water absorption and the performance of concrete incorporating with FRCA in terms of compressive strength and splitting tensile strength regarding the percentage of FRCA replacement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Optimum Replacement of Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregate on the Compressive and Splitting Tensile Strength of the Concrete

Zaki¹,

Khalid²,

Guntor³

et al. 2020

IJIE

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The increasing demand of new construction, the more amount of natural materials was used. This is because, quick populace development and urbanization dramatically affect the expanded interest for development of construction market. Due to this case, many countries were forced to rearrange, renovate and also demolished old building to design a new concept of building that covered more occupants in building than old building concept. There was a high mindfulness on the need to give elective utilization to reused materials, particularly in the development of construction field. This resulted in the idea of making use of fine recycled concrete aggregate (FRCA) in the concrete as fine aggregate replacement. It had been proved that with the right percentage of FRCA replacement can produce a concrete which performed better than the normal concrete. Most of the previous studies agreed that the replacement should took place within the range of 10% - 30% to make the concrete work optimally. However, within that range, the best optimal replacement shows on the 20% as there is no decreases in concrete strength. It was also found that the density of FRCA concrete was lower than the normal concrete due to the porosity properties of FRCA resulted to the high-water absorption rate. The physical properties of FRCA somehow tends to effecting the concrete performance positively and also negatively, that is why it is vital to get a better understanding about the recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) so that it could be used and provide a clear relevant fact for the industries to start review the existing regulation and consider the use of RCA in the concrete making.

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The mechanical properties of brick containing recycled concrete aggregate and polyethylene terephthalate waste as sand replacement

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste Utilisation for Production of Low Thermal Conductivity Cement Sand Bricks

Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste Utilisation for Production of Low Thermal Conductivity Cement Sand Bricks

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

The Optimum Replacement of Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregate on the Compressive and Splitting Tensile Strength of the Concrete

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