Composite fouling ‐ inorganic and biological: A review

Sheikholeslami, R.

doi:10.1002/ep.670180216

Cited by 45 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…have significant effects on biological fouling [19,20]. Therefore, understanding interactive effects of biological and inorganic fouling is a major step towards fouling control [21]. However, few studies are available on the dynamic behavior of composite biological and inorganic fouling due to limitations in mechanics understanding and research means.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of composite fouling on a vertical stainless steel surface caused by treated sewage

Zan

Song

Yang

et al. 2009

Front. Energy Power Eng. China

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Composite biological and inorganic fouling occurs in plate heat exchangers (PHEs) using treated sewage as heat transfer medium, which lowers the heat transfer coefficient and increases the frictional resistance. In order to optimize the heat exchange process and improve the anti-fouling strategies, the dynamic behavior of composite fouling at a vertical surface of stainless steel (ANSI 316L) was investigated under typical conditions of PHEs. The growth curves of composite fouling were obtained. The evolution of composite fouling was characterized by means of environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Backscattered Electron Image (BEI) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) were used as aids in interpreting the results. The experimental results show that a preliminary stage of a 6-day period with a low fouling growth rate exists during the composite fouling development. A significant change of the fouling growth rate happens after the preliminary stage during which the bacterial behaviors at the surface could be recorded clearly. After the preliminary stage, a space netshape, mainly consisting of bacteria, extracellular products (EPS) and inorganic particles, could be established on the surface of the fouling layer. The change of fouling growth rate occurs synchronously with the evolution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of composite fouling on a vertical stainless steel surface caused by treated sewage

Zan

Song

Yang

et al. 2009

Front. Energy Power Eng. China

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“…It has been observed in other environments that inorganic materials interact with biofilms [25][26][27][28]. A study on a porous media (sand columns) showed that introduction of laponite at high and low ionic conditions caused cell detachment, with the cell detachment attributed to interactions between the inorganic materials and biofilm or to hydrodynamic changes within the column [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study, the presence of kaolin showed initial inhibition of biofilm growth, but with the accompanying increase in biofilm weight it was suggested that the presence of suspended solids (SS) may have also enhanced cell attachment or have increased entrapment of SS within the attached cells or both [26]. A study on the interactions between suspended matter and biofouling formed in a treated sewage heat exchanger showed that biofilm formed are added surface area to which particles can attach, but smaller particles are more likely to attach and increase the fouling weight than the larger particles [27]. These various effects when inorganic materials and biofilm are present need further understanding, especially on RO membrane systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Biofilm on Inorganic Suspended Solids Accumulation on Reverse Osmosis Membranes

Manalo

Ohno

Okuda

et al. 2016

J. of Wat. & Envir. Tech.

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Particles and colloids in feedwater for reverse osmosis (RO) processes are typically removed by pretreatment to silt density index allowable levels to prevent accumulation on membranes. However, the accumulation is mostly caused due to combined biofouling-particulate accumulation and it is important to quantitatively understand particle accumulation as affected by biofilm. This study aims to determine the effect of biofilm on the accumulation of inorganic suspended solids on RO membranes. With the same kaolin concentration contained on the feedwater, the amount of inorganic material deposited was greater by 0.16 mg/cm 2 when secondary effluent water was used in contrast to pure water, signifying quantitative enhancement of accumulated suspended solid (SS) on the membrane. Amount of glucose in feedwater did not result in a related increase in inorganic material since deposition seemed to be influenced by biofilm coverage on a preformed biofilm, as indicated by similar biofilm percentage coverage with and without glucose in feedwater. Micrographs indicated the preferential deposition of SS on the spacer filaments and membrane areas that were covered with biofilm. This effect of biofilm on inorganic SS accumulation will be highly useful in designing pretreatment strategies by addressing biofilm control to prevent both biofilm formation and SS accumulation.

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“…Biofouling and scale fouling combined decrease the flow rate and process performance and greatly increase operational costs and energy demand (1,20). Scale can form either abiotically as a result of chemical oversaturation or biotically through microbially catalyzed biomineralization (15). Microbial growth facilitates mineral precipitation and alters the composition and morphology of scale deposits (21,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biofilm biofouling is often associated with the formation of scale, which is an inorganic mineral precipitate that commonly includes calcium carbonate, sulfate, and phosphate (1,15,16). The co-occurrence of a biofilm and mineral formation has been widely found in reverse osmosis membrane systems, cooling towers, and water distribution pipes (17)(18)(19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Biomineralization and Particle Deposition Distinctively Mediate Biofilm Susceptibility to Chlorine

Chopp

Russin

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Microbial biofilms and mineral precipitation commonly co-occur in engineered water systems, such as cooling towers and water purification systems, and both decrease process performance. Microbial biofilms are extremely challenging to control and eradicate. We previously showed that in situ biomineralization and the precipitation and deposition of abiotic particles occur simultaneously in biofilms under oversaturated conditions. Both processes could potentially alter the essential properties of biofilms, including susceptibility to biocides. However, the specific interactions between mineral formation and biofilm processes remain poorly understood. Here we show that the susceptibility of biofilms to chlorination depends specifically on internal transport processes mediated by biomineralization and the accumulation of abiotic mineral deposits. Using injections of the fluorescent tracer Cy5, we show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms are more permeable to solutes after in situ calcite biomineralization and are less permeable after the deposition of abiotically precipitated calcite particles. We further show that biofilms are more susceptible to chlorine killing after biomineralization and less susceptible after particle deposition. Based on these observations, we found a strong correlation between enhanced solute transport and chlorine killing in biofilms, indicating that biomineralization and particle deposition regulate biofilm susceptibility by altering biocide penetration into the biofilm. The distinct effects of in situ biomineralization and particle deposition on biocide killing highlight the importance of understanding the mechanisms and patterns of biomineralization and scale formation to achieve successful biofilm control.T he development of biofilms in engineered water systems is usually detrimental. Excessive biofilm growth decreases process performance; for example, it reduces the heat exchange efficiency in cooling towers and hinders the flow through high-pressure water treatment membranes (1, 2). Biofilms in water systems are also potential reservoirs of human pathogens (2-6). Biofilms are difficult to eradicate because they are much less susceptible to antimicrobials and biocides than suspended microbial cells (7,8). The decreased susceptibility of biofilms to biocides results from a combination of the decreased penetration of solutes into the biofilm structure, the protection provided by extracellular polymers, reduced cellular metabolism within biofilms, and the development of resistant cellular phenotypes (persisters) (9-11). Chlorine is one of the most commonly used biocides for biofilm control in engineered water systems (12, 13). Prior studies have found that the limited transport of chlorine to the interior of biofilms reduces the overall killing efficacy of chlorination (12,14).Biofilm biofouling is often associated with the formation of scale, which is an inorganic mineral precipitate that commonly includes calcium carbonate, sulfate, and phosphate (1, 15, 16). The co-occurrence of a biofi...

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Composite fouling ‐ inorganic and biological: A review

Cited by 45 publications

References 51 publications

Evolution of composite fouling on a vertical stainless steel surface caused by treated sewage

Evolution of composite fouling on a vertical stainless steel surface caused by treated sewage

Effect of Biofilm on Inorganic Suspended Solids Accumulation on Reverse Osmosis Membranes

In Situ Biomineralization and Particle Deposition Distinctively Mediate Biofilm Susceptibility to Chlorine

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