Composição bioquímica e vigor de sementes de soja sob diferentes condições de envelhecimento acelerado

Abstract

ResumoA deterioração das sementes é um processo natural e envolve a interação de mudanças citológicas, fisiológicas, bioquímicas e físicas, resultando na perda de vigor e viabilidade. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de diferentes soluções no teste do envelhecimento acelerado de sementes de soja sobre a mobilização de reservas, germinação e o desempenho inicial das plântulas. Foram utilizadas 200 sementes por tratamento que consistiram de testemunha (sem envelhecimento), solução tradicional (água destilada), solução salina (1,8 M) e solução salina saturada (6,8 M). Os recipientes foram incubados a 41 °C, durante 24, 48 e 72 horas. A germinação diminuiu com o tempo de incubação e aumento da concentração de NaCl, enquanto a condutividade elétrica aumentou. Os teores de açúcares totais, açúcares redutores e proteínas aumentaram com o tratamento tradicional, após 24 horas. O tratamento com solução salina saturada foi o que resultou no maior acúmulo de matéria fresca de plântulas aos 14 dias. Conclui-se que no caso da soja a utilização da solução salina saturada teve efeitos mais severos em relação ao envelhecimento tradicional de sementes.Palavras chave: Glycine max; açúcares; germinação; proteínas. Biochemical composition and vigor of soybean seeds under different conditions of accelerated aging AbstractThe deterioration of the seeds is a natural process and involves the interaction of cytological, physiological, biochemical, and physical changes, resulting in the loss of vigor and viability. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different solutions in the accelerated aging test of soybean seeds on the mobilization of reserves, germination, and early seedling performance. Two hundred seeds were used for treatment that consisted of witness (without aging), traditional solution (distilled water), saline solution (1.8 M), and saturated saline solution (6.8 M). The containers were incubated at 41° C for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Germination reduced with the incubation time and increasing the concentration of NaCl, while the electrical conductivity increased. The concentration of total and reducing sugars, and proteins have increased with the traditional treatment, after 24 hours. Treatment with saturated saline solution was what resulted in the largest accumulation of fresh matter of seedlings to 14 days. It is concluded that in the case of soybeans, the use of saturated saline solution had the severest effects in relation to the traditional aging seeds.

The Effect of Mineral Supplementation on the Physiological Quality, Enzymes Activity and the Soybean Seedlings Development

“…This is because this lot, in addition to having a greater amount of stored nutrients, probably has higher ISSN 2166-0379 2020 carbohydrate contents that, once hydrolyzed, have as main product the glucose that will be used for respiration and growth of the embryonic axis (Franco et al, 2002). Furthermore, enzymes such as lipases, phosphatases and amylases have reduced activity due to reduction in physiological quality (Hennig et al, 2010), as observed in the lot of low nutritional content without the addition of nutrients. Table 5.…”