Complexity and Algorithms for Superposed Data Uploading Problem in Networks With Smart Devices

In order to identify the abnormal road surface condition efficiently and at low cost, a road surface condition recognition method is proposed based on the vibration acceleration generated by a smartphone when the vehicle passes through the abnormal road surface. The improved Gaussian background model is used to extract the features of the abnormal pavement, and the k-nearest neighbor (kNN) algorithm is used to distinguish the abnormal pavement types, including pothole and bump. Comparing with the existing works, the influence of vehicles with different suspension characteristics on the detection threshold is studied in this paper, and an adaptive adjustment mechanism based on vehicle speed is proposed. After comparing the field investigation results with the algorithm recognition results, the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is rigorously evaluated. The test results show that the vehicle vibration acceleration contains the road surface condition information, which can be used to identify the abnormal road conditions. The test result shows that the accuracy of the recognition of the road surface pothole is 96.03%, and the accuracy of the road surface bump is 94.12%. The proposed road surface recognition method can be utilized to replace the special patrol vehicle for timely and low-cost road maintenance.

Section: Road Information Sharing Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Road Surface Recognition Based on Smartphone Acceleration Sensor

Qiu

Gao

et al. 2020

“…We will combine these attributes with latencies for measuring the system performance in our future work. Although the main motivation scenario of the continuous data flow problem in this paper is E-health monitoring system, the continuous data flow problem can also be extended to more application scenarios, such as mobile social network [40], intelligent industrial monitoring system [41], etc. We will further consider the location of fog nodes and MEC nodes in continuous data flow problem [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomaly Detection Based Latency-Aware Energy Consumption Optimization For IoT Data-Flow Services

Luo

Qiu

2019

The continuous data-flow application in the IoT integrates the functions of fog, edge, and cloud computing. Its typical paradigm is the E-Health system. Like other IoT applications, the energy consumption optimization of IoT devices in continuous data-flow applications is a challenging problem. Since the anomalous nodes in the network will cause the increase of energy consumption, it is necessary to make continuous data flows bypass these nodes as much as possible. At present, the existing research work related to the performance of continuous data-flow is often optimized from system architecture design and deployment. In this paper, a mathematical programming method is proposed for the first time to optimize the runtime performance of continuous data flow applications. A lightweight anomaly detection method is proposed to evaluate the reliability of nodes. Then the node reliability is input into the optimization algorithm to estimate the task latency. The latency-aware energy consumption optimization for continuous data-flow is modeled as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem. A block coordinate descend-based max-flow algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. Based on the real-life datasets, the numerical simulation is carried out. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy has better performance than the benchmark strategy.Sensors 2020, 20, 122 2 of 20 aggregation site, etc. [5]. On the other side, the fog computing nodes are not necessarily deployed around these access points. To distinguish these two concepts, in this paper, nodes with sufficient communication and computing resources scattered among IoT devices are referred to as fog nodes. The nano-server clusters deployed at the access points are referred to as MEC nodes, which usually have more resources than fog nodes. The collaborative computing of the IoT-end nodes, the fog nodes, the MEC nodes and the data center are referred to as IoT-Fog-Edge computing in this context.The studies on collaboration of Fog, MEC, and Cloud computing usually focus on finding an optimal solution to allocate the IoT tasks to appropriate virtual machines which are hosted on fog, MEC or cloud nodes. In [10], the authors propose to allocate the workload among local MEC servers, neighborhood MEC servers or cloud servers to minimize the energy consumption of MEC nodes subject to delay constraints. Lyapunov drift-plus-penalty-based dynamic queue evaluation is used for the online allocation algorithm. In [11], an optimal algorithm is put forward to determine that the tasks should be allocated to clouds near the end devices or to the one far from the end devices for the energy efficient big data processing. The delay constraints to tasks in near clouds and far cloud are taken into account. In [12], an optimal algorithm for joint task allocation among mobile devices, the computing access point and the remote cloud is proposed, where computing access point can be treated as an MEC node. The studies introduced above are not correlated with the continuous data-fl...

“…These feature maps will be fused with the feature maps extracted by Resnet for classification. From these works [2,13,30], we find that the additional modules used at the inference stage bring about a performance improvement, but also bring about more parameters and complexity [33][34][35], which may be unfavorable for deployment on devices with limited memory and computational resources [36]. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how to improve the classification performance of the model without increasing the parameters.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training Convolutional Neural Networks with Multi-Size Images and Triplet Loss for Remote Sensing Scene Classification

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Self Cite

Many remote sensing scene classification algorithms improve their classification accuracy by additional modules, which increases the parameters and computing overhead of the model at the inference stage. In this paper, we explore how to improve the classification accuracy of the model without adding modules at the inference stage. First, we propose a network training strategy of training with multi-size images. Then, we introduce more supervision information by triplet loss and design a branch for the triplet loss. In addition, dropout is introduced between the feature extractor and the classifier to avoid over-fitting. These modules only work at the training stage and will not bring about the increase in model parameters at the inference stage. We use Resnet18 as the baseline and add the three modules to the baseline. We perform experiments on three datasets: AID, NWPU-RESISC45, and OPTIMAL. Experimental results show that our model combined with the three modules is more competitive than many existing classification algorithms. In addition, ablation experiments on OPTIMAL show that dropout, triplet loss, and training with multi-size images improve the overall accuracy of the model on the test set by 0.53%, 0.38%, and 0.7%, respectively. The combination of the three modules improves the overall accuracy of the model by 1.61%. It can be seen that the three modules can improve the classification accuracy of the model without increasing model parameters at the inference stage, and training with multi-size images brings a greater gain in accuracy than the other two modules, but the combination of the three modules will be better.