Complete genome sequences of two highly divergent Japanese isolates of Plantago asiatica mosaic virus

Abstract

Plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV) is a member of the genus Potexvirus and has an exceptionally wide host range. It causes severe damage to lilies. Here we report on the complete nucleotide sequences of two new Japanese PlAMV isolates, one from the eudicot weed Viola grypoceras (PlAMV-Vi), and the other from the eudicot shrub Nandina domestica Thunb. (PlAMV-NJ). Their genomes contain five open reading frames (ORFs), which is characteristic of potexviruses. Surprisingly, the isolates showed only 76.0-78.0 % sequence identity with each other and with other PlAMV isolates, including isolates from Japanese lily and American nandina. Amino acid alignments of the replicase coding region encoded by ORF1 showed that the regions between the methyltransferase and helicase domains were less conserved than other regions, with several insertions and/or deletions. Phylogenetic analyses of the full-length nucleotide sequences revealed a moderate correlation between phylogenetic clustering and the original host plants of the PlAMV isolates. This study revealed the presence of two highly divergent PlAMV isolates in Japan.

Detection of Plantago asiatica mosaic virus in lily hybrid plants (Lilium spp.) in Costa Rica grown from imported bulbs

“…A third loose group includes isolates from N. domestica (USA and Japan) and from P. asiatica (Russia and Korea). Two Japanese isolates, one from N. domestica (NJ) and another from Viola grypoceras (Vi) were separated from other Japanese isolates in accordance with a previous report (Komatsu et al 2017). Komatsu et al (2008) indicated that the species Plantago asiatica mosaic virus shows high biological and genomic variability.…”

“…Moreover, PlAMV is mechanically transmitted (by sap) and no arthropod vector is known. The virus naturally infects hosts belonging to diverse plant families including Plantaginaceae (plantago), Liliaceae (lily), Primulaceae (primrose), Violaceae (violet), Scrophulariaceae (Chinese foxglove), and Berberidaceae (nandina) (Kostin andVolkov 1976, in: Solovyev et al 1994;Komatsu et al 2008Komatsu et al , 2017Kwon et al 2017); and experimental hosts from additional plant families (Kostin and Volkov 1976;J. Hammond, unpublished).…”

Identification of a Proline-Kinked Amphipathic α-Helix Downstream from the Methyltransferase Domain of a Potexvirus Replicase and Its Role in Virus Replication and Perinuclear Complex Formation

“…( 29 ). PlAMV has been isolated from a wide variety of host plants, although members of the Potexvirus genus generally have narrow host ranges ( 30 , 31 ). Our studies have shown that the replicase of PlAMV, which is sufficient for replication without other viral proteins, is a symptom determinant and is involved in induction of systemic necrosis in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana ( 32 , 33 ).…”

Plantago asiatica mosaic virus: An emerging plant virus causing necrosis in lilies and a new model RNA virus for molecular research

“…However, soon after its first known occurrence in commercial lily hybrids, PlAMV was detected in commercial lily stocks in many other countries in Europe and around the world (Anderson et al, 2013; Chen et al, 2013; Hammond et al, 2015; Harju et al, 2018; Kim et al, 2015; Li et al, 2017; Montero‐Astúa et al, 2017; Pájtli et al, 2015; Parrella et al, 2015; Xu et al, 2017). Interestingly, the isolates from commercial lily products (“European‐like” isolates) have extremely closely related sequences, quite distinct from those obtained from edible lilies in Japan (Hammond & Reinsel, 2018; Komatsu et al, 2017; Ozeki et al, 2006).…”