Complete genome sequence of a multiple drug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi CT18

Parkhill, Julian; Dougan, Gordon; James, Keith; Thomson, Nicholas R.; Pickard, Derek; Wain, John; Churcher, Carol; Mungall, Karen; Bentley, Stephen D.; Holden, Matthew T. G.; Sebaihia, Mohammed; Baker, Stephen; Basham, D.; Brooks, Karen; Chillingworth, Tracey; Connerton, Phillippa L.; Cronin, Ann; Davis, Paul A.; Davies, Robert M.; Dowd, Linda; White, Nicholas J.; Farrar, Jeremy; Feltwell, Theresa; Hamlin, N.; Haque, Ashraful; Hien, Tran Tinh; Holroyd, S.; Jagels, Kay; Krogh, Anders; Larsen, T. S.; Leather, S.; Moule, Sharon; Ó’Gaora, Peadar; Parry, Chris M.; Quail, Michael A.; Rutherford, Kim; Simmonds, Mark; Skelton, Jason; Stevens, Kim; Whitehead, Sally; Barrell, Bart

doi:10.1038/35101607

Cited by 1,171 publications

(1,110 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This is in line with other genomes of enteric bacteria sequenced so far which feature a single chromosome with 4.3-5.0 Mb in length (7)(8)(9)(10). A comparison of S. typhi isolates from around the world indicate that they are highly related and that they emerged from a single point of origin approximately 30,000 to 50,000 years ago (11).…”

Section: Molecular and Biologic Features Of Salmonella Typhisupporting

confidence: 83%

Salmonella Typhi: from a Human Pathogen to a Vaccine Vector

2008

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Salmonella (S.) typhi is an important intracellular pathogen. Among the more than 2,300 closely-related Salmonella serovars bacteria recognized, S. typhi is the only one that is pathogenic exclusively for humans, in whom it causes typhoid or enteric fever. The pathogen has been around for many years and many studies have been done in an effort to combat it. Molecular and biologic features of S. typhi and host factors and immune responses involved in Salmonella invasion have been extensively studies. Vaccines that have been developed most notably are Vi polysaccharide and Ty21a. However, as the results show, there is still a long way to go. It is also shown that multi-drug resistance has occurred to the few available antibiotics. More and more studies have shown that Salmonella can be used as a vaccine vector carrying antigens of other pathogens. This has been promising in that the immune system can be elicited in response to both the Salmonella bacteria and the antigen of the pathogen in question. This review aims to highlight some of the milestones attained in the fight against the disease from the time S. typhi was seen as a pathogen causing typhoid fever to the use of Salmonella as a vaccine vector. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2008;5(2):91-97.

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Section: Molecular and Biologic Features Of Salmonella Typhisupporting

confidence: 83%

Salmonella Typhi: from a Human Pathogen to a Vaccine Vector

2008

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“…The complete ~5 Mb genome sequence from various Salmonella strains is available (Parkhill et al, 2001). Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Salmonella As a Model Organism For Host-pathogen Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual RNA-seq of pathogen and host

2012

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SummaryThe infection of a eukaryotic host cell by a bacterial pathogen is one of the most intimate examples of cross-kingdom interactions in biology. Infection processes are highly relevant from both a basic research as well as a clinical point of view. Sophisticated mechanisms have evolved in the pathogen to manipulate the host response and vice versa host cells have developed a wide range of anti-microbial defense strategies to combat bacterial invasion and clear infections.However, it is this diversity and complexity that makes infection research so challenging to technically address as common approaches have either been optimized for bacterial or eukaryotic organisms. Instead, methods are required that are able to deal with the often dramatic discrepancy between host and pathogen with respect to various cellular properties and processes. One class of cellular macromolecules that exemplify this host-pathogen heterogeneity is given by their transcriptomes: Bacterial transcripts differ from their eukaryotic counterparts in many aspects that involve both quantitative and qualitative traits. The entity of RNA transcripts present in a cell is of paramount interest as it reflects the cell's physiological state under the given condition. Genome-wide transcriptomic techniques such as RNA-seq have therefore been used for single-organism analyses for several years, but their applicability has been limited for infection studies.The present work describes the establishment of a novel transcriptomic approach for infection biology which we have termed "Dual RNA-seq". Using this technology, it was intended to shed light particularly on the contribution of non-protein-encoding transcripts to virulence, as these classes have mostly evaded previous infection studies due to the lack of suitable methods. The performance of Dual RNA-seq was evaluated in an in vitro infection model based on the important facultative intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and different human cell lines. Dual RNA-seq was found to be capable of capturing all major bacterial and human transcript classes and proved reproducible. During the course of these experiments, a previously largely uncharacterized bacterial small non-coding RNA (sRNA), referred to as STnc440, was identified as one of the most strongly induced genes in intracellular Salmonella.Interestingly, while inhibition of STnc440 expression has been previously shown to cause a virulence defect in different animal models of Salmonellosis, the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained obscure. Here, classical genetics, transcriptomics and biochemical assays proposed a complex model of Salmonella gene expression control that is orchestrated by this sRNA. In particular, STnc440 was found to be involved in the regulation of multiple bacterial target mRNAs by direct base pair interaction with consequences for Salmonella virulence and

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“…Comparative genomic analysis of serotypes Typhimurium and Typhi (full genome sequences), and serotypes Dublin, Enteritidis, and Paratyphi (draft sequences) revealed that in each genome approximately 10 to 12% of unique DNA was acquired by horizontal gene transfer (96,109). Most of these acquired regions are related to the pathogenicity islands by insertion into tRNA genes (78).…”

Section: Bacterial Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis resistant to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin

Chu

et al. 2004

The Lancet

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Complete genome sequence of a multiple drug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi CT18

Cited by 1,171 publications

References 28 publications

Salmonella Typhi: from a Human Pathogen to a Vaccine Vector

Salmonella Typhi: from a Human Pathogen to a Vaccine Vector

Dual RNA-seq of pathogen and host

Isolation of Salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis resistant to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin

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