Comparison of two established 2D staging techniques to their appliance in 3D cone beam computer-tomography for dental age estimation

Abstract

For medicolegal purposes, orthodontic or orthognathic treatment various stomatological staging technique for age estimation with appliance of conventional radiographic images have been published. It remains uninvestigated if cone beam computer-tomography delivers comparable staging results to the conventional radiographic stages of third molar analysis. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of 312 patients aged 13–21 years. Dental age estimation staging technique, introduced by Nolla and Demirjian, were applied on the left lower third molar imaged by conventional panoramic radiographs and cone beam computer-tomography. It was investigated if 2D and 3D imaging presented different staging results for dental age estimation. In 21% the Demirjian’s staging differed by a single stage between 2 and 3D images. The greatest congruence (87%) between 2 and 3D images was revealed for stage 7 (G). In contrary, stage 5 (E) presented the lowest level of congruence with 47.4%. The categorization of Nolla revealed divergences in staging for than two categorical variables in Nolla’s stages 3, 4, 5 and 6. In general, the analysis of the data displayed the divergence for Nolla’s stages 4–8. The staging results for 2D and 3D imaging in accordance to the rules of Nolla and Demirjian showed significant differences. Individuals of 18 years may present immature third molars, thus merely an immature third molar cannot reject legal majority. Nolla’s and Demirjian’s 2D and 3D imaging present significantly different staging results.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in COX2 Is Associated with Persistent Primary Tooth and Delayed Permanent Tooth Eruption

“…Examples of Nolla’s stages 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are demonstrated in Figure 1 . Nolla stage 8 is described as having two-thirds of the root completed [ 9 , 10 ], and the tooth has emerged into the oral cavity. Therefore, the primary tooth was considered retained when its successor permanent tooth was in Nolla stage 8 and below the alveolar crypt, Nolla stage 9 or Nolla, stage 10.…”

Aplicação da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico na estimativa de idade

“…Diversos métodos são empregados para estimativa de idade em crianças e adolescentes (Gelbrich et al, 2019, Kuhnen et al 2021. O método de Nolla e Demirjian, através da classificação dos estágios de mineralização dentária, permitem determinar a idade cronológica de indivíduos (Nolla, 1960;Demirjian et al, 1973;Ginzelova et al, 2019;Zirk et al, 2021). No entanto, ambos os métodos são aplicados em imagens bidimensionais (Zirk et al, 2021).…”

“…O método de Nolla e Demirjian, através da classificação dos estágios de mineralização dentária, permitem determinar a idade cronológica de indivíduos (Nolla, 1960;Demirjian et al, 1973;Ginzelova et al, 2019;Zirk et al, 2021). No entanto, ambos os métodos são aplicados em imagens bidimensionais (Zirk et al, 2021). Ginzelova et al (2019) compararam a idade cronológica com a idade dentária em crianças através do método de Demirjian usando radiografias panorâmicas ou TCFC.…”

“…Os autores concluíram que o método de Demirjian tornou-se mais preciso e seguro quando empregado imagens de TCFC. Além disso, um estudo retrospectivo demostrou que imagens 2D e 3D apresentaram diferenças significativas na estimativa de idade quando empregados os métodos de Nolla e Demirjian (Zirk et al, 2021). Por outro lado, o método quantitativo de Cameriere permite estimar a idade dentária em crianças por meio da mensuração dos dentes com ápices abertos (Cameriere et al, 2006).…”

Evaluation of Third Molar Maturity Index by Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Legal Age Estimation

“…[35][36][37] Some previous studies have demonstrated the advantages of CBCT in estimating dental age based on metric measurements in adults and children. [38][39][40][41] Some recent studies have investigated the use of CBCT to estimate the age of children and adults. [40][41][42][43][44] To the best of our knowledge, no studies have been conducted on the accuracy of I 3M for dental age estimation in adolescents and young adults using CBCT.…”