Comparison of two- and three-dimensional sonography for the prediction of the extrathyroidal extension of papillary thyroid carcinomas

Yi, Yang; Kim, Sang Soo; Kim, Won Jin; Bae, Min Jung; Kang, Junmo; Choi, Byung Tae; Jeon, Yun Kyung; Kim, Bo Hyun; Lee, Byung‐Joo; Wang, Soo Geun; Kim, In Joo; Kim, Yong Ki

doi:10.3904/kjim.2014.363

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Several previous studies demonstrated the relatively good predictability of US findings for minimal ETE. 16 , 18–21 The diagnostic accuracies of the US in this study for minimal ETE and extensive ETE were 91.7% and 62.9%, respectively, which was consistent with previous studies’ findings. However, the inherent characteristics of US limit its application in clinics.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessing Diagnostic Value of Combining Ultrasound and MRI in Extrathyroidal Extension of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Hu¹,

Zhang²,

Zhong³

et al. 2022

CMAR

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Purpose To explore the separate diagnostic value of preoperative ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the combination of US and MRI in extrathyroidal extension (ETE) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University review board. A total of 158 PTC patients with ETE received preoperative US and MRI examination and underwent surgery between May 2014 and December 2018 in Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University. For each case, the US and MRI features of ETE were retrospectively and independently investigated by two radiologists. The clinical assessment for each case was implemented, respectively, using US imaging only, MRI only, and a combination of both modalities at three different time points with one-month intervals. Results The diagnostic accuracies of US, MRI, and the combined set for T3 (minimal ETE) were 91.7% (88/96), 74.0% (71/96), and 97.9% (94/96), respectively, indicating a significantly different performance (P < 0.001). The diagnostic accuracies for T4 (extensive ETE) were 62.9% (39/62), 87.1% (54/62), and 93.5% (58/62), respectively. The difference between the three methods for T4 was statistically significant (P = 0.000). The diagnostic accuracies for overall ETE were 80.4% (127/158), 79.1% (125/158), and 96.2% (152/158), respectively. The difference between the three methods for ETE was statistically significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion This study suggests that ETE can be predicted most accurately by the combination of preoperative US and MRI.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessing Diagnostic Value of Combining Ultrasound and MRI in Extrathyroidal Extension of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Hu¹,

Zhang²,

Zhong³

et al. 2022

CMAR

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“…A study evaluating the sonographic features of SAT found that poorly defined margins and hypoechoism were more frequent in SAT nodules (14). Several studies have also reported the same results for PTC nodules (15,16). Similarly, in the present study, the margin definition and echogenicity were not significantly different between the aSAT and PTC groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Value of Quantitative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography in Distinguishing Asymptomatic Subacute Thyroiditis from Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Wang

Sun

et al. 2021

Iran J Radiol

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Background: Asymptomatic subacute thyroiditis (aSAT) without inflammatory features is often difficult to distinguish from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), even with ultrasonography. Under certain circumstances, a fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is performed, which is known to increase the patient’s physical pain. Objectives: To investigate the value of quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in discriminating aSAT from PTC nodules. Methods: A total of 30 aSAT and 23 PTC patients were systematically reviewed. Quantitative CEUS parameters, including the rise time (RT), time to peak (TTP), maximum intensity (IMAX), as well as their extension indicators (ΔRT and ΔTTP), were determined in various nodule areas (total, central, peripheral, and control regions of nodules). Chi-square test and independent-samples t-test were performed to compare significant differences between PTC and aSAT. A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was also performed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of each parameter, as well as diagnostic efficacy indices, including sensitivity and specificity, in discriminating aSAT from PTC nodules. Results: Compared to the PTC group, patients with aSAT had a longer ∆RT1 (RT of the control area − RT of the whole area; 0.12 ± 0.69 vs. -0.2 ± 0.57, P = 0.03) and ∆RT3 (RT of the control area − RT of the central area; 0.43 ± 0.72 vs. 0.04 ± 0.94, P = 0.049). Besides, compared to the PTC group, the aSAT group had a shorter RT in the total area (RT1: 4.05 ± 1.56 vs. 4.91 ± 2.09, P = 0.045); a shorter TTP in the total (TTP1: 4.91 ± 1.76 vs. 7.30 ± 3.92, P = 0.005), peripheral (TTP2: 5.06 ± 1.97 vs. 7.00 ± 3.48, P = 0.01), and central (TTP3: 4.90 ± 1.68 vs. 7.57 ± 4.41, P = 0.004) areas; and a lower IMAX in the peripheral area (IMAX2: 0.74 ± 0.36 vs. 1.09 ± 0.57, P = 0.009). Based on the ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve was significantly larger for TTP1 as compared to RT1 (P = 0.027). Conclusion: Conventional ultrasound and CEUS examinations were inadequate in distinguishing PTC from aSAT. Overall, a quantitative analysis may indicate more biological characteristics of nodules, which can be helpful in the differential diagnosis.

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“…However, Kim et al did not perform multiple regression analysis, and there was no statistical difference between 2-D-US and 3-D-US risk determination. In contrast, Yi et al (2016) were unable to identify any advantage of 3-D-US over 2-D-US in 78 patients with TC. Neither of these studies was designed or powered to determine if 3-D-US would more accurately stratify TC risk in patients undergoing initial TN evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

3-D Ultrasound and Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis: A Prospective Study

Azizi

Faust²,

Ogden³

et al. 2021

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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This study tests the hypothesis that evaluation of thyroid nodule (TN) margin irregularities by threedimensional ultrasound (3-D-US) distinguishes benign from malignant TNs with greater sensitivity and specificity than two-dimensional ultrasound (2-D-US). We prospectively evaluated 344 TNs using both 2-D-US and 3-D-US followed by fine needle aspiration biopsy. TNs were divided into four groups based on the 3-D-US appearance of the margins. Bi-variate and multi-variate analyses were used. Surgical pathology confirmed 44 thyroid cancers in 40 patients. For 2-D-US, irregular margins and micro-calcifications (p < 0.001) were found more frequently in malignant TNs. Irregular margins on 2-D-US had a sensitivity and specificity of 61.4% and 79.3%, respectively. Irregular margins on 3-D-US had a sensitivity and specificity of 86.4% and 83.3%, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were higher for irregular margins on 3-D-US than micro-calcifications and irregular margins on 2-D-US. Evaluation of TN margins by 3-D-US distinguished benign from malignant TNs with greater sensitivity and specificity than 2-D-US.

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Comparison of two- and three-dimensional sonography for the prediction of the extrathyroidal extension of papillary thyroid carcinomas

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Assessing Diagnostic Value of Combining Ultrasound and MRI in Extrathyroidal Extension of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Assessing Diagnostic Value of Combining Ultrasound and MRI in Extrathyroidal Extension of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Value of Quantitative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography in Distinguishing Asymptomatic Subacute Thyroiditis from Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

3-D Ultrasound and Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis: A Prospective Study

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